Question

Use the scientific method to come up with, and create your own testable experiment. The experiment must involve something dealing with cancer, and it must be testable in a lab setting. Remember to include illustrations on how the experiment can be tester. Be sure to include and label your "Observation", "Hypothesis","Experiment", Data & Analyis", & "Conclusion".

Answer 1

Observation:

Cancer is a disease of multistep, multifactorial and multigenic. The continuing magnitude of cancer problem and the failure of conventional chemotherapy of the advanced invasive disease to effect major reductions in the mortality and morbidity rates for common forms of epithelial malignancy such as carcinoma of lung, colon, breast, prostate and pancreas indicate that new approaches to the control of cancer are critically and essentially needed.

Hypothesis:

Cancer chemoprevention is the main avenue, which offers some sort of beneficial effects. There is considerable scientific evidence to suggest that nutritive and non-nutritive plant-based dietary factors can inhibit the process of carcinogenesis effectively. Any significant role by dietary intervention is encouraging and emerging as an acceptable approach for controlling the cancer incidence worldwide. So the present study to assess the chemopreventive potential of a plant as the model system.

Experiment:

The experimental procedure as follow:

Data analysis:

As for example, I'm giving one of the data for analysis;

(1) Effect of grape juice on various toxicity parameters in liver

	Group1 (Control)	Group2 (2.5%)	Group3 (5%)	Group4 (7.5%)
LP	1.153 ±0.053 (1.00)	0.960 ±0.060b (0.83)	0.921 ±0.097a (0.80)	1.108 ±0.037 (0.96)
LDH	1.696 ±0.081 (1.00)	1.386 ±0.017a (0.82)	1.314 ±0.025a (0.78)	1.499 ±0.107b (0.88)

Values are expressed as mean ± SD of 6-8 animals and values in parentheses represent fold change in parameters assessed (i.e. levels of activity in livers of mice receiving test substance to activity in livers of control mice). Significant changes against the control group of animals and expressed as a – P<0.001, b – P<0.01

Conclusion:

Results obtained from this study show that plant dose administration to mice affects the different enzyme level in the mice liver and kidney. The chemo-modulatory action is due to the induction of phase II enzymes such as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and Lipid peroxidase (LP). The results also indicating the significant decrease in lipid peroxidation, which is an indicator of oxidative stress that persists in the cell. The present investigation demonstrated clearly that the plant can be used as a potential cancer chemopreventive agent. It also protects against oxidative stress via the elevation of antioxidative defence enzymes, while significantly reducing the specific activity of lipid peroxidation level.