1. The length of snakes can vary between 0.8m and 2.3 m long. In a large population of snakes there were just 2 of 2.3m length out of 560 snakes. How many genes are involved in determining this character?

2. A) The heights of two true-breeding strains of maize were both 1.75m and when crossed the F1 height was also 1.75m. Selfing the F1 produced an F2 with a range of heights from 1.59 to 1.91m. Out of the F2 of 451 plants there were 25 of the tallest. If the F1 was test-crossed, how many phenotypes would you observe?

B) The heights of two true-breeding strains of maize were both 1.75m and when crossed the F1 height was also 1.75m. Selfing the F1 produced an F2 with a range of heights from 1.59 to 1.91m. Out of the F2 of 451 plants there were 25 of the tallest. How many cm does each allele contribute to the phenotype?

3. In a cross of two trihybrids what would be the proportion of offspring carrying 3 dominant alleles?

Please shows the details in explanation, thx~

18) Which of the following describes enhancers?

20)

A single-base change occurs in the 5' splice site of a gene, resulting in a loss-of-function mutation. Scientists have found a suppressor mutation: a mutation in a second gene that counteracts the first mutation. Which of the following is most likely to suppress the original loss-of-function phenotype?

Experiment IV: Effect of pH on the Rate of Enzyme Reaction

3. What could be done to more specifically determine the optimal pH?

In three or fewer sentences, explain how clusters identified from ADMIXTURE analysis of a few populations from each continent might misrepresent the complete pattern of human genetic variation.

a. According to the evidence, the animal kingdom is a .

paraphyletic group.

polyphyletic group.

monophyletic group.

b. Mammals and birds eat much more often than reptiles do. Which of the following traits shared by mammals and birds best explains this habit?
endothermy

large body size

amniotic egg

terrestrial

c. Which bird characteristic evolved specifically as an adaptation to flight?

four limbs

feathers

loss of heavy teeth

amniotic egg

d. Animals are unique within the supergroup Unikonta because .

animals have multicellular bodies.

animals can synthesize the structural carbohydrate chitin.

animals have a unique myosin-synthesis pathway.

animal cells are embedded in a protein matrix.

What are the impacts of food security?

Why are water tables dropping around the world? What are some negative impacts of falling water tables?

Three classes of proteins are responsible for tagging proteins destined for degradation by the proteasome complex. Name the enzymes and briefly describe the function of each enzyme involved.

1. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have been shown to have gastrointestinal (GI) microbes distinct from healthy patients that are matched for age/weight/diet and other variables. One hallmark of IBD is the leakage of IgA from the GI tract into the bloodstream. How would you determine if the GI microbiota of IBD patients can cause IgA leakage (in detail)? Assume that you have access to GI microbiota samples from IBD patients and matched healthy controls, a colony of germ-free mice, and a blood test for IgA. (3 pts)

THIS IS ALL THE INFORMATION PROVIDED

5. Agriculture and the Ecology of Food                                  Chapter 12

• How to manage soil resources?
• How to manage genetic resources?
• How to manage pests sustainably?

These Questions are from the Textbook "The Environment and You"

You will investigate how unnatural amino acid mutagenesis works. Take time to examine what changes needed to be made to the tRNA to allow for an unnatural amino acid to be used instead of the native substrate. Also focus on what codons are used to recognize the modified tRNA. How many different codons are there that can be used? What are they called?

What would be areason why a cell does not have death phase in a bacterial growth curve?

3. Air Quality                                                                              Chapter 10

• Which are the sources of air pollution in the stratosphere?
• Which are the sources of air pollution in the troposphere?
• What is the cause for acid rain?

Questions are from the Textbook "The Environment and You"