1A. Map out the correct chromosome map for four genes given the following information

X-Z = 18%X-G = 10%Z-Y=27%Z-G=28%X-Y=9%

1B. Hemophilia is a type of blood clotting disorder that is an example of a sex-linked (X-linked) recessively inherited trait. Polydactyly is an example of a dominantly inherited disorder, where individuals with the dominant allele have extra fingers or toes. Josh has the normal number of fingers and toes and has hemophilia. Josh is married to Olive. Olive does not have hemophilia but has 12 fingers and 14 toes. Olive’s father had hemophilia but has a normal number of fingers and toes.

What is the probability of Josh and Olive having a child with hemophilia and polydactyly?

Define the role of descriptive epidemiology.

Analyze specific host and environmental factors that may increase risk of disease susceptibility.

Distinguish between disease (outcome) status and exposure status variables

Describe the strengths of controlled clinic trials.

Distinguish between disease (outcome) status and exposure status variables.

of the three types of life cycles which one occurs in humans? what does it means?

which type of cell in an organism is diploid?

during prophase1 of meiosis1, an exchange of segments of non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes occurs. what is that process called? what is the purpose of this process?

how is meiosis 2 similar to mitotic division? what are final products of meiosis?

. A double-stranded DNA molecule with the sequence shown here produces, in vivo, a polypeptide that is five amino acids long. TAC ATG ATC ATT TCA CGG AAT TTC TAG CAT GTA ATG TAC TAG TAA AGT GCC TTA AAG ATC GTA CAT a. Which strand of DNA is transcribed and in which direction? Support your response by indicating the 5 amino acid sequence that results when this transcript is translated. (2 pts) b. Label the 5’ and the 3’ ends of each strand in the original DNA molecule. (1 pt) c. If an inversion occurs between the second and third triplets, from the left and right ends, respectively, and the same strand of DNA is transcribed, how long will the resultant polypeptide be and what is its sequence? (Hint: rewrite the DNA molecule AFTER the inversion.) (3 pts) d. Assume that the original molecule is intact and that the bottom strand is transcribed from left to right. Give the base sequence, and label the 5’ and 3’ ends of the anticodon that inserts the fourth amino acid into the nascent polypeptide. What is this amino acid?

17. Which histone is required to compact the “beads on a string” chromatin into higher-order chromatin structures such as the 30 nm fiber?

18. Certain lysine amino acids (K’s) in the core histone tail can be acetylated. How would this chemical modification of the nucleosome affect the transcription of a gene?

19. Certain protein/protein complexes do not bind DNA, but regulate processes such as transcription and replication. These proteins can associate with the chromatin by recognizing chemical modifications in the core histone tails of the nucleosome. This process represents the “histone code”. Separately, a protein that folds into its three-dimensional functional structures can have different domains with different functions. Assume that a certain protein that increases transcription does not recognize a specific DNA sequence, but rather associates with acetylated lysine amino acids in the histone tails. What domain in this protein would allow it to associate with these acetylated lysine amino acids?

Imagine conducting the following experiment. Take a sample of the native folded peptide and measure the amount of peptide required to inhibit the activity of a potassium channel, say the Kv4.2 channel, by 50%. We will call this value the IC₅₀ value. For our peptide, IC₅₀ = 5 nM for the Kv4.2 channel. Treat the peptide with a mixture of 2-mercaptoethanol and guanidine hydrochloride. Remove the 2-mercatoethanol and then the guanidine hydrochloride to allow the peptide to refold. Treat the Kv4.2 channel with the refolded peptide and measure the IC₅₀ value. If the IC₅₀ value is now 250 nM, does this peptide sequence obey the Anfinsen dogma? Explain.

describe the components of endomembrane system:nuclear envelope,endoplasmic reticulum,golgi appartaus,lysosomes,vacuoles,plasma membrane with their functions and structure

2-3 sentences each,in your own words please

not copy-paste from the internet not even one sentence can be the same as on the internet

Ecologists consider light energy, heat energy, and chemical energy when studying energy flow in an ecosystem. Using these three terms, describe the flow of energy through an ecosystem. Make sure to name the processes that transform energy and at least 2 trophic levels.

PHYLUM ANNELIDA :Compare and contrast Oligochaeta, Polychaeta and Hirudinea. What traits do they share (as annelids) and what traits distinguish each class? ( Similarity vs Difference)

PHYLUM PLATYHELMINTHES (FLATWORMS): compare and contrast the three Platyhelminthes classes( Turbellaria, Trematoda and Cestoda). What traits do they share (as Platyhelminthes) and what traits distinguish each class? ( Similarity vs Difference)

This is BIOchemistry) For the appetite-related signaling molecule MELANOCORTIN:

a.) What is the specific function of that molecule?

b.) What is the mechanism of that action (how does it do what it does)?

c.) How is that molecule made? Describe any prepro- and pro- forms and associated cleavages or covalent bonds or phosphorylations associated with the molecule.

d.) Describe how the molecule is regulated

(This problem relates to chapters 22, Biosynthesis of amino acids, nucleotides, and related molecules; and chapter 23, hormonal regulation and integration of mammalian metabolism, from the Lehninger Biochemistry textbook).

What influences whether your immune system remembers if you have been exposed to an infectious agent or not