In: Biology
The marine fauna on the Atlantic and Pacific sides of the Isthmus of Panama includes a broad range and large number of closely related species pairs. Name the model of speciation responsible for this pattern and explain its main features and how it differs from allopatric speciation by peripheral isolation? please explain in more details NO hand writing plz
Answer:- It is given in question that marine fauna of Atlantic and Pacific sides of isthmus of Panama include a broad range and large number of closely related species pairs. The model of speciation responsible for this pattern is adaptive radiation which is a type of sympatric speciation.
In this speciation type , the mutation act as major factor in the species and they inspite of being in the similar habitat due to mutation evolve into new species and is incapable of interbreed among the parent species . In this way they become a new species . Similar case is also seen in adaptive radiation in Darwin finches in Galapagos islands .
Sympatric speciation is different from allopatric speciation because in allopatric speciation the speciation occurs due to geographical barrier that means same population cannot interbreed with the parent population due to geographical isolation and due course of time they evolve into new species but in case of sympatric speciation all are inhabitants of similar environmental condition , there is no role of geographical isolation .