Please explain briefly about how the protein folding is wrong for the Parkinson's disease and give a potential approach to treat it.

Thanks

Which of the following mutations would promote malignancy in cells whose proliferation is inhibited by TGFBeta? a) Dominant negative SMAD4 b) Loss of TGF Beta receptor II c) Overexpression of Smad2

Explain why it is correct and why the other options are wrong.

1.What does Streptococci look like under the microscope?

a.strings of rods

b.strings/chains of spheres

c.clusters of rods

d.grape-like clusters of spheres

2.What is the total magnification when you used he 40X objective?

a.400X

b.40X

c.4X

d.4000X

QUESTION 3

1. What was the purpose of the streak plate method?

QUESTION 4

1. The dye that gives Gram+ bacteria their color is

1. The dye that is retained by Gram- bacteria is

QUESTION 6

1. The counterstain used for the acid fast staining procedure is

QUESTION 7

1. Which of the following is NOT a selective medium?

QUESTION 8

1. Alpha hemolysis is

QUESTION 9

1. Amylase is an enzyme which breaks down

QUESTION 10

1. A medium that supports the growth of a wide variety of bacteria

Why is it important that there is a “satisfactory linear portion” in the enzyme assay?

List and describe synapomorphies for Arthropods. Contrast the subclades: Chelicerata, Crustacea, Myriapods, and the Hexapoda(insects).

If fine glass needles are used to manipulate a chromosome inside a living cell during early M phase, it is possible to trick the kinetochores on the two sister chromatids into attaching to the same spindle pole. This arrangement is normally unstable, but the attachments can be stabilized if the needle is used to gently pull the chromosomes so that the mictotubules attached to both kinetochores (via the same spindle pole) are under tension. What does this suggest to you about the mechanism by which kinetochores normally become attached and stay atached to microtubules from opposite spindle poles? Is this finding consistent with the possibility that a kentochore is programmed to attach to mictotubules from a particular spindle pole? Explain your answer.

Question 2 (5 pts). In roses, two gene loci on an autosomal chromosome are 30cM from each other. At locus 1, the E allele for red flower color is completely dominant to the e allele for pink flower color. At locus 2, the G allele for thorns is completely dominant to allele g for thornless. A particular rose cultivar, true-breeding for red flower and thorns, is crossed to cultivar 2, true-breeding for pink flowers and thornless. The F1 generation is testcrossed with cultivar 2 and 300 testcross progeny are produced.

What is the expected frequency of gametes of genotype EG produced by the F1-generations plants?

When the F1-generation plants produce gametes, what is the expected frequency of recombinant gametes?

In the testcross progeny, how many plants are expected to have pink flowers and be thornless?

In the testcross progeny, how many plants are expected to have pink flowers and thorns?

e. If the two loci were not linked, and segregated independently from each other, how

many plants would be expected to have pink flowers and thorns in the testcross progeny?

Hagrid, the Hogwarts gamekeeper, is fascinated with dragons. A true-breeding Common Welsh Green Dragon with green scales (b+), brown eyes (p+) and a smooth tail (s) was crossed to a true-breeding Hebridean Black Dragon with black scales (b), purple eyes (p) and a spiked tail (s+). All of the F1 dragons had green scales, brown eyes and a smooth tail. When the green scaled, brown eyed and smooth tailed F1 females were crossed to true-breeding black scaled (b), purple eyed (p), spiked tail (s) males the following results were obtained. Please answer the following questions.

Show the configuration of these three genes including the distance between any linked genes.

1. In the boxes in the flow chart below, follow the flow of carbon atoms in the complete oxidation of glucose by indicating the beginning and ending molecules in each of the steps of cellular respiration starting with 1 molecule of glucose. Be sure to include the number of molecules of each type of molecule made from 1 molecule of glucose at each step. (Do not include other molecules made like NADH and ATP).

                               Glycolysis                 Pyruvate Processing               Citric Acid Cycle

a tea strainerpermitting the passage of tea solution, but blocking the passage of tea leaves is

isotonic permeability

selective permeability

active transport

or phagocytosis

plesase explain answer

a) Describe one measure of evolutionary fitness.

(c) Based on the data, identify the population that is likely to have the highest frequency of heterozygotes. Assuming random mating, calculate the frequency of animals in population 1 that carry both alleles 1 and 3.

d) A sudden event drastically changes the habitat of each population such that most of the normal vegetation and insects are replaced by other vegetation and insects. One of the scientists claims that population 2 will be the most severely affected. Predict the most likely effect of the event on population 2. Provide reasoning to justify your prediction.

Discuss the infection of a bacterium by a virus. Include the steps in the correct order from attachment to lysis. How does this differ from the virus replication cycle in animals? Explain the difference between the lytic cycle, lysogeny, and slow release. Also include the bacterial defense mechanism bacteria have developed to prevent infection by a virus. How is this bacterial defense now being used to modify genetic codes in humans, include CRISPR in your discussion. Explain the growth curve of a virus and what phase is the coronal virus in the present pandemic?

Explain the importance of evidence-based practice with wrist orthotic provision.

In class we discussed the calculation of the P/O ratio assuming a c-ring comprised of 9 subunits. How would the P/O ratio change (for both NADH and succinate/FADH2) if a particular mitochondrion had FOF1-ATP-synthase molecules whose c-ring were composed of 12 subunits rather than 9? The best answer will explain your reasoning and show the calculation for each. (5 points)