Which is not true for Type II photosensitization pathway?

Select one:

a. requires a donor molecule

b. involves transfer of excited spin-state energy from sensitizer to another molecule

c. does not need initial excitation of the photosensitizing molecule

d. requires a long-lived triplet excited state

Imagine you are a conservation manager in New York City, trying to protect an endangered squirrel. How would you design a reserve system that would help the squirrel, but also work in the context of the city? What are key things to consider, based on your knowledge of island biogeography?

The type of gene editing depicted in the movie Gattaca remains fictional, but we are closer and closer to that reality. Suppose this becomes a reality - how do you think that will affect evolution of humans? In what ways will gene editing as depicted in the movie affect human evolution? In your response, you need to reference components of the evolutionary theory we covered in class and make your argument based these concepts.

Assume that the gene trpA in an auxotrophic strain of E. coli is located at 27 minutes, whereas the gene pyrE is located at 81 minutes.
Present an experimental scheme that would allow you to convert one of the auxotrophic strains to a prototrophic strain.

A. F⁺ (auxotroph) × F⁻ (wild type)

B. Hfr (auxotroph) × F⁻ (auxotroph)  

C. Hfr (auxotroph) × F⁻ (wild type)

D. Hfr (wild type) × F⁻ (auxotroph)

E. F⁺ (wild type) × F⁻ (auxotroph)

The correct answer is D, but I don't understand why. Could someone explain this? Thank you!

A plant cell develops a mutation in its Rubisco gene that results in no production of the enzyme.

What would be the effect on the light reactions, on photosynthesis and on the organism as a whole?

Wildlife Species Description and Significance for Columbia Basin Pygmy Rabbit?

What activities of a eukaryotic cell would be affected by dysfunctional histone proteins that can’t properly condense the DNA into nucleosomes?

How would these activities be affected?

1. Sketch the elements of the trp operon, including the leader sequence.

Graft-Versus-Host disease will most likely be a complication of a blood transfusion. T or F
Desensitization to prevent allergies involves the injection of increasing amounts of IgE. T or F
.
Hemolytic disease of the newborn can result from a Rh- mother with a Rh+ fetus. T or F
.
"Immune Privileged" explains how animals tolerate pregnancies without rejecting the fetus. T or F
Which of the following describes a cytotoxic autoimmune reaction?
cells are killed.
immune complexes form.
mediated by T cells.
antibodies react to cell-surface antigens
Symptoms of delayed cell-mediated reactions are due to   
cytokines.
IgE antibodies.
neutrophils.
IgG antibodies.
antigens.

Oleate is a C fatty acid with one double bond between the and carbons. The ? oxidation of a saturated fatty acid with an equivalent number of carbons would yield ATP: cycles of ? oxidation = ATP; acetyl-CoA yield ATP via the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation; and ATP are consumed in activating the fatty acid. During ? oxidation of oleate, the presence of the double bond allows the FADH2-generating acyl-CoA dehydrogenase step to be skipped, at a cost of ATP equivalents. Therefore, the ATP yield from oleate is .

Propionibacterium is part of the normal microbiota of the skin. T or F
Candidiasis often occurs following antibiotic therapy for fungal infections.   T or F
The symptoms of tetanus are due to   tetanospasmin. T or F
Initial treatment for tetanus in an unimmunized person with a puncture wound is tetanus immune globulin. T or F
Endospores of Clostridium botulinum have been recovered from honey. T or F.
Most cases of poliomyelitis result in muscle paralysis. T or F
If a normal protein typically found on the surface of nervous tissue cells encounters an abnormally folded protein, it can lead to prion-related disease. T or F
The primary victims of the influenza pandemic of 1918-1919 were young adults. T or F

Imagine that the donut is a sexually reproducing animal and that a single enzyme forms the hole. All donuts observed in the past have had holes. Suppose a mutation occurs in one gene of the donut such that it now codes for an inactive protein instead of the hole-forming enzyme. Which of the following predictions would be most likely in descendants of this mutant donut? For each prediction, explain whether or not it would be a likely prediction.

a. All members of the next generation will have holes

b. Heterozygous donuts will not have holes

c. If the cell in which the mutation occurs undergoes mitosis, subsequent generations of donuts will all have holes

d. The next generation will all be holeless

e.Past generations of donuts have all had holes

Assume COD entering an anaerobic digester can be modeled as 2C3H5O3- = C3H5O2- + C2H3O2- + CO2 + H2 (Balanced reaction

Next, assume that methane in the reactor results from two pathways: aceticlastic methanogenesis and hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis. If we assume that all necessary carbon and hydrogen for methane production comes only from fermentation of lactate; how much methane (in mg/L) can be produced assuming 25,000mg/L COD entering the anaerobic digester, with all of it being fermented?

Please answer these questions in as long of detail as possible.

Question 1

a) Write the expression used to calculate rate of digestion as it’s related to starch concentration and time:

b) Explain what a catalytic process is and how it is different from the non-catalytic version of the process. Give an example of an enzymatic process other than amylase and describe the substrate(s)/product(s):

c) Describe what the enzyme amylase does and what would happen in the absence of this enzyme: