If peptidases digest proteins into amino acids, why don’t they auto-digest the cells where they are synthesized?

The question can be answered in a variety of ways. You are encouraged (and in some case required) to use graphs and diagrams as part of your answer, to illustrate your argument or particular concept.

The vertebrate cardiovascular (CV) system has a job of delivering a variety of molecules, entrained in plasma, to all the cells in your body. How does it achieve this function effectively (at sufficient rate) and efficiently (with minimal energetic cost)? How does the transport & transfer function differ in extant endotherms and ectotherms?

Please choose an environmental topic of your choice and read/research the topic and write a short 3-4 page essay outlining the key areas of the topic/issue. This is a topic that you would like to learn more about so that you can share that information in your essay.

The essay should contain:

Title

Introduction - include a brief introduction to the topic, indicating the key areas and why you are interested in the topic/issue.

Body - You should include all of the key areas from the introduction, with supporting information.

Conclusion - You will want to wrap your paper up with a conclusion that includes your views on the topic/issue and how you think the topic or issue should/could be addressed.

References - You will want to include all references in a reference section. You must have at least two references, text, journal, paper, or other.

What is the difference between the enzymes DNA polymerase I and ligase?

Select one:

a. DNA polymerase I binds to Okazaki fragments, removes the primers, and replaces them with DNA nucleotides.

b. Ligase binds to Okazaki fragments, removes the primers, and replaces them with DNA nucleotides.

c. DNA polymerase I attaches the fragments to make one single continuous strand.

d. Ligase attaches the Okazaki fragments to make one single continuous strand.

e. Both A and D are correct.

f. Both B and C are correct.

g. None of the above are correct.

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Where can telomeres be found?

Select one:

a. On the ends of prokaryotic chromosomes.

b. Telomeres have nothing to do with chromosomes.

c. Throughout prokaryotic chromosomes.

d. On the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes.

e. Throughout eukaryotic chromosomes.

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Which of the following is NOT a reason for mitotic cell division?

Select one:

a. Regular tissue regeneration

b. Tumor formation

c. Pollen production in flowers

d. Fetal growth

e. Tissue repair after injury

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Which of the following is true about a triploid organism with a n=3 during the G1 phase of the cell cycle

Select one:

a. It would have 9 X-shaped chromosomes

b. It would have 9 linear chromosomes

c. It would have 3 linear chromosomes

d. It would have 6 X-shaped chromosomes

e. It would have 3 X-shaped chromosomes

f. It would have 6 linear chromosomes

The proteins that hold homologous chromosomes after replication are called

Select one:

a. Kinetochores

b. Homologous chromosomes are NOT held together after replication!

c. Centromeres

d. Cohesins

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The ratio of a testcross between an organism with unknown genotype and its homozygous recessive counterpart is 1:1 (same number of heterozygous and homozygous recessive offsprings). Based on this ratio, what can you deduce about the genotype of the unknown organism?

Select one:

a. The unknown organism is homozygous dominant

b. There is no way to tell from the information given. There could be many possibilities

c. The unknown organism is heterozygous

d. The unknown organism is homozygous recessive

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Transcription factors tend to bind to DNA at the level of the major grooves

Select one:

a. True

b. False

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Typically, the longest phase of the cell cycle is

Select one:

a. Prophase

b. The G1 phase

c. The G2 phase

d. The S phase

e. Metaphase

f. Anaphase

g. Telophase

The genetic regulation of the various blood types observed in humans is a great example of

Select one:

a. Codominance

b. Epistasis

c. Incomplete dominance

d. Mendelian genetics

e. Polygenic inheritance

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The main replication enzyme involved in prokaryotic DNA copying is called

Select one:

a. Primase

b. DNA polymerase 1

c. DNA polymerase 2

d. Ligase

e. DNA polymerase 3

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The membrane that forms at the end of telophase to separate daughter cells at the end of mitosis in plants is known as

Select one:

a. Cleavage furrow

b. Cytokinetic constriction

c. Mitotic split

d. A septum

e. A cell plate

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The primers that are attached by DNA primase during DNA replication and made of RNA nucleotides

Select one:

a. False

b. True

Explain, using the illustrations on page 155 of your text, why penicillin, once a widely used and effective antibiotic, is now no longer effective against penicillin-resistant bacteria.

Please NO handwriting. NO coping. Thanks.

Write an essay (at least 5 paragraphs)?Explain the main criteria for determining which medical breakthroughs were in the top 10 of all time. Do you feel that these criteria are sufficient in making this determination and do you feel that there were any great discoveries left off the list?

comment on the significance of RNAi for understanding epigenetic control of the human genome. In particular, respond to this statement: "RNAi provides an attractive model to explain how epigenetic histone modifications are targeted to specific genomic loci".

Match the animal with the correct classification.

1) Squid

2) Earthworm

3) Lobster

4) Scorpion

5) Jellyfish

6) Tapeworm

7) Centipede

8) No specific tissues just a collection of cells

9) Roundworm

10) Flea

TERMS:

a) sponge

b) cnidarian

c) platyhelminth

d) nematode

e) Hexapoda

f) myriapods

g) crustacea

h) chelicerata

I) mollusk

j) annelida

What are some solutions to do when a team member (at school, work, etc..) in your group isn't pulling their weight. Please provide as many as you can

1. Write a comprehensive note on the process of transcription?

2. Write a short note on how mature mRNA is produced in eukaryotes?

3. What are the roles of loading buffer/loading dye, DNA marker and an ethidium bromide in a gel electrophoresis?

4. During DNA isolation, how the DNA purification can be achieved and why the DNA purity is important in Agricultural biotechnology?

5. What is the role of different restriction endonucleases in agricultural biotechnology?

6. Write a note on the importance of molecular markers in agriculture?

7.      Define plant transformation, also explain

(i) a vector-mediated gene transfer and

(ii) one method from direct DNA transfer?

8. Define biocontrol agent and write a short note on the mechanism of action of a biocontrol agent?

9.      Write a short note on how the synthetic seed are produced?

Caspases are apoptosis-inducing proteins activated by tumor suppressor proteins such as p53

Select one:

a. True

b. False

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entrioles are only found in a cell during the M phase of the cell cycle

Select one:

a. True

b. False

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Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) can be activated or deactivated via phosphorylation and dephosphorylation

Select one:

a. False

b. True

Cystic fibrosis is a disease in which people have a mutation in an ion channel called CFTR. This type of channel is found in multiple tissues throughout the body, and a simple mutation in this channel may be expressed in a multitude of ways (sweating disorder, digestive system malfunction, respiratory difficulties, etc…). This type of situation when a genetic mutation expresses itself in a multitude of phenotypes is called

Select one:

a. Polygenic inheritance

b. Codominance

c. Epistasis

d. Pleiotropy

e. Incomplete dominance

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DNA nucleotides have a hydroxyl group at the 2’ position on the ribose

Select one:

a. False

b. True

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DNA polymerases can only work on the lagging strand of the replication fork once they are finished with the leading strand

Select one:

a. False

b. True

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DNA polymerases read the DNA

Select one:

a. In the 3’ to 5’ direction

b. In the 5’ to 3’ direction

c. In either 3’ to 5’ or 5’ to 3’ direction – depending on the situation