Question

1          According to evolutionary theory, organisms with very similar phenotypes:

a.         are always very closely related

b.         always have very similar genotypes

c.         will evolve under very similar conditions.

d.        can have very different genotypes.

e          both c and d are correct.

2          Which of the following is NOT supported by scientific evidence?

a.      Probability Theory

b.      Evolutionary Theory

c.      Genetic Theory

d.      Cell Theory

e.      all of the above ARE scientific theories supported by large amounts of evidence

3.         At the beginning of western settlement millions of buffalo lived on the Great Plains. By 1890 only about 750 survived in the entire country. This is an example of:

a.         a severe mutation

b.         negative gene flow

c.         the founder effect

d.         a genetic bottleneck.

4.         Livestock production in the U.S. today uses nearly 3 times as many antibiotics as are prescribed for all human patients. It is most likely that routine use of antibiotics in animal feed will result in:

a.         an effective, long term way to eliminate disease-causing bacteria in the animals and therefore increase food production.

b.         the animals developing resistance to the antibiotics.

c.         an increased number of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains.

d.         the elimination of viral infections and thus increased food production.

e.         ever fewer disease-causing bacteria in the environment.

5.         Roaches are a common indoor pest in the south. Why must people routinely change the brand of insecticide (roach killer) they use?

a.         The active ingredients in the insecticide break down over time.

b.         Antibiotic-resistance genes in roach DNA are transferred to uninfected roaches by contact with infected ones.

c.         The direct action of insecticides on roach DNA cause individual roaches to slowly become immune.

d.         Some individual roaches in the population may have a mutation providing some natural immunity to the first insecticide and their offspring will begin to predominate.

e          Changes in the chemical formulation of insecticides constantly improve their effectiveness.

6.         Both Darwin and Wallace were greatly influenced by Thomas Malthus who observed that

            a.         populations increase geometrically (exponentially).

            b.         populations increase at the same rate as the food supply.

            c.         populations remain at their carrying capacity.

            d.         food supply usually increases faster than the population that depends on it.

7.         Examples of adaptive radiation of species would be easiest to find:

a.         near nuclear power plants.

b.         in isolated regions with many diverse habitats.

c.         on mountain tops exposed to higher UV radiation.

d.         in moist, humid tropical rainforests.

e.         in areas with much human contact.

8.         Gene flow is an evolutionary factor associated with:

a.         artificial selection

b.         random mating

c.         increased mutations

d.         migration of individuals

e.         small populations

9.         Evolution occurs in:

a.         gametes.

b.         somatic cells.

c.         individuals.

d.         organelles.

e.         populations.

10.       English moths originally had a normal (bell-curve) distribution phenotypes. What was the result of the smoke and soot from the industrial revolution on those English moths?

a.         All phenotypes in the original population were reduced as the population declined.

b.         Both extremes of the curve were selected against and the curve became narrow and tall.

c.         Heterozygote individuals were weaker and died off.

d.         The entire population of moths became darker but retained the bell-shaped curve.

e.         The moth population went extinct.

Answer 1

1. According to evolutionary theory, similar phenotypes are produced when the organisms evolve in similar coditions including organisms that are having different genotypes.

ANSWER: c. will evolve under very similar conditions.

3. Asharp reduction in population due to natural events is known as genetic population.

ANSWER: d. a genetic bottleneck.

4. Contiunuous exposure to antibiotics leads to the development of resistance in bacteria to those antibiotics.

ANSWER: c. an increased number of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains.

7. Adaptive radiation is the diversification of species to adapt the environment. So greater the changes in environment, greater the diversity.

ANSWER: b. in isolated regions with many diverse habitats.

8. Gene flow is the movement gene into or out of the population (immigration and emmigration).

ANSWER: d. migration of individuals

9. Evolution occurs in population.

ANSWER: e. populations.