PROTOZOAN GENUS NAMES TO MATCH TO THE CASE STUDY: Giardia Toxoplasma Trichomonas Trypanosoma Plasmodium

Case 1: Two of four campers on a 2-week trip to the mountains of Utah developed diarrhea near the end of their trip. At first, the diarrhea was very watery and foul-smelling. Then it began to alternate with soft stools that looked greasy. The diarrhea was accompanied with abdominal cramps, nausea, flatulence and fatigue. The symptoms persisted in both campers once they returned home, and they sought medical care. A fecal sample was taken and stained. Although none of the multi-nucleated trophozoites were detected, the samples revealed the presence of egg-shaped cysts about 12 micrometers in length, having 4 nuclei and a median body. When questioned, the campers stated that near the end of their trip, they drank water from a nearby stream, but only after adding Aquatab Purification Tablets to the water. However, they stated that they had submerged their Ramblers (thermos) into the stream to collect the water before they added the tablets. Both patients were prescribed Metronidazole (Flagyl) and their symptoms slowly alleviated. Question 1: What is the Name of Causative Agent, based on the description given in the case? Question 2: How they got infected by this protozoan?

Case study 2: An 18-year-old female presented to her physician with complaints of a yellow-green vaginal discharge with a bad “fishy” odor. A pelvic investigation was performed and mild cervical tenderness was observed. The cervix was pink and inflamed with small punctiform spots. A wet prep was made, it revealed squamous cells along with a moving, oval organism. When a stained microscopic preparation was made, a multi-flagellated trophozoite about 15 micrometers in length was noted. The patient was prescribed Metronidazole (Flagyl) and told to contact any sexual partners so that they could begin a prescription of Flagyl, too. Question 1: What is the caustive agent of this case, based on the characteristics of the protozoan? Question 2: Why her patner should also take Flagyl?

Hi, there are two parts to the question and it is bolded

You are in charge of the national Unicorn breeding program. Unicorns can have either swirled or solid horns with the swirled (Sw) phenotype being dominant over solid (sw). Their fur can be gold (F+), bronze (fb), silver (fs) or white (fw), with the colour alleles following a dominance series of: F+ > fb > fs > fw

Which pair could you mate to potentially get some offspring with silver fur and swirled horns?

Select one:

a. A bronze and swirled horned unicorn with a white and solid horned unicorn

b. A true breeding gold and swirled horned unicorn with a true breeding white and solid horned unicorn

c. A silver and solid horned unicorn with a silver and solid horned unicorn

You mate a silver fur, solid horned unicorn, whose mother had white fur and a swirled horn, with a white fur, solid horned unicorn whose mother had gold fur and a solid horn. What is the probability that the offspring will have white fur (with any type of horn)?

Select one:

a. 1/3

b. 1/4

c. 1/16

d. 1/2

In this chapter we discuss 3 of the 4 paths (theoretical framework) to the evolution and maintenance of cooperation in animals (Reciprocity, Byproduct mutualism and Group selection) ** we discussed Kin selection last chapter. Briefly describe each of these paths and provide an example for each either using an example from our textbook or your own.

Consider the codon “GAU” and answer the following questions:
a- Which amino acid is encoded by the given codon.
b- How many different codons can be generated by point mutation at the position of the second
nucleotide “A”. Show all possible codons and representing amino acids.

describe the in autonomic system activity that occurs when you are startled from your sleep

Apply your knowledge of the autonomic nervous system explain why your stomach may ache if you exercise after a meal

1. Given: A testcross between a (+++)/(ymw) female fruit fly and a ymw/Y male yields the following:

                              Gametes                                  Numbers                                                                                 (+++)                                   3,501

                              (ymw)                                     3,471               

                              (++m)                                      1,754

                              (yw+)                                      1,700               

                              (y++)                                       28

                              (+mw)                                     32                    

                              (+w+)                                      6

                              (y+m)                                      3                      

                                                                        Tot. = 10,495                        

a. What is the configuration of the heterozygous parent?

b. Which gene (y, m or w) is in the middle?

c. Determine the interference (I). Is the interference + or -? Explain.

Definitions of each word:

^{General Characteristics of Viruses:}

• Obligate intracellular parasite:

• Host range:

• Bacteriophages (phages):

• Phage therapy:

• Viral size:

• Viral structure (virion):

• Nucleic acid:

• Capsid:

• Capsomeres:

• Envelope:

• Spikes:

• Enveloped viruses:

• Nonenveloped viruses:

• Morphology:

• Helical viruses:

• Polyhedral viruses:

• Complex viruses:

• Taxonomy of viruses:

• Viral species:

30. What are the advantages of C4 and CAM photosynthesis as compared to C3 photosynthesis?

Evaluate the different forms of cell communication and how they lead to cell differentiation.

It has been hypothesized that fungi colonized land before plants. If true, then what does this mean regarding animals? Explore the relationships between plant, fungi, and animals and discuss why this hypothesis may be supported or rejected. What evidence would need to be found to support it? Why is it unlikely that we will be able to categorically dismiss it?

Be sure to back up your claims with peer-reviewed, primary scholarly sources.

1. Why is covid-19 so dangerous, in terms of its adaptations? How can we use molecular evolution to battle this virus?

2. Why are adaptations relative?

3. What are some misconceptions about Natural Selection and adaptation? What is the evidence refuting those misconceptions?

Cell membranes are selectively permeable, meaning they let some things in but keep others out. Why might a cell want to do this? What kinds of things would a cell want to keep out? bio 181 book Kenneth Saladin 8e

You have joined a research lab that is testing new vaccines for a new strain of the influenza A virus (IAV). The lab's prior studies have shown that when C57BL/6 laboratory mice are given non-pathogenic bacteria that have been engineered to express a 16 amino acid peptide, after about a month the mice produce IgG antibodies that effectively neutralize IAV. Your project is to test serum samples from healthy adult humans who were given these bacteria 6 weeks ago as part of a pilot clinical trial. You find that you can clearly detect IgG antibodies against IAV from about a third of the samples, but cannot detect IAV-specific antibodies from the remainder of the samples. Which of the following is the most likely characteristic shared by individuals who produced a detectable antibody response?

Group of answer choices

They have a genetic polymorphism that causes their T cells to produce comparatively high amounts of IL-2

They express MHC class II allotypes that bind efficiently to the 16 amino acid peptide expressed by the bacteria

They are people who also have pollen allergies

They express a self protein that contains an amino acid sequence identical to the 16 amino acid peptide expressed by the bacteria

They all have genetic polymorphisms in genes for complement proteins that result in inefficient clearance of bacteria by the membrane attack complex (MAC)

1. Explain why processed meats labeled as “Uncured” are actually cured in terms of chemical composition and typical characteristics of cured meat products

2. The crushing of crisp or crunchy foods results in fracture and fragmentation, it appears that fracture and sound emission are associated. Attenburrow et al. (1992) reported that the sounds emitted during the crushing of a dry product are due to a sudden release of stored elastic energy. The association between mechanical fracture and sound emission has been further elaborated other food scientists. Use an example to explain how to apply acoustic properties to check the food quality