Question

Discuss stem cell research, addressing the following items:

List the sources of stem cells (at least four).

Explain which sources have been used successfully.

Describe the scientific research related to the use of stem cells.

2. Define the following:

stem cell

pluripotent

embryonic stem cell

adult stem cell

3. Additionally, a new source of pluripotent stem cells was reported in the fall of 2006. This source is not given in the list above; if you are able to identify the source, please discuss this as well. Be sure to cite all sources (online and print) using a reference page.

Answer 1

The different source of stem cells is given below –

1.Embryos formed during the blastocyst phase of embryological cycle is the source of embryonic stem cells.

2. Adult stem cells - These stem cells have been found in tissues such as t brain, bone marrow, blood, blood vessels, skeletal muscles, skin, and liver.

Even researcher is unable to identify stem cells and its speciality for different cases but the standard procedure for testing bone marrow or hematopoietic stem cell (HSC), is by transplanting one cell to save an individual without HSCs. If the stem cell produces new blood and immune cells, it demonstrates its potency and this has been proved in many medical cases where a patient got saved because of stem cells injection.

Stem cell – Stem cell is a type of cell which has the ability to develop into specialised cell inside the body.

Pluripotent --- These stem call is the master stem cell which can produce any cell type at any body part to repair degenerated cell.

Embryonic stem cell---- These cells are generated by using embryo of females in embriyo cycle after egg formation.

Adult stem cell --- Adult stem cells are the cells found throughout the body that divide to replenish dying cells and regenerate damaged tissues inside body.

In 2006 July researchers at University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania got a new source of adult stem cells which was discovered in Human Hair Follicles, the first type of multipotent adult stem cell from scalp tissue which has the ability to differentiate into several cell types inside body.

It was also hoped by various scientist that if this stem cell sustained the various test on human and animal for embracing it in medical urgency, this can act as a live giving therapy to mankind as this has every potential in treating a host of disorders, including peripheral nerve disease, Parkinson’s disease, and spinal cord injury.