Question

I have to write about serotonin

- I should talk about its synthesis- (physiologic mechanisms and drugs or foods affecting them);

- storage in vesicles (physiology-like the name of the pump for storage and drugs, toxins or foods that interferes with it);

-its release-physiology and drugs or toxins that interfere;

-the termination of effect in the synapse (physiology-like enzymatic breakage or re-uptake -about the drugs that affect the process -and its receptors of these neurotransmitters and drugs acting on these receptors - refer them as agonists and antagonists for relevant receptors).

this is the last of them

no need for figures if everything I asked for is explained.

Answer 1

Serotonin or 5-Hydroxytryptophan(5-HT) is synthesized from an amino acid called L-tryptophan. L-tryptophan is primarily found in animal or plant proteins. It is taken up serotogenic neurons restricted in the region of the brain called Raphe nucleus.

1. L-tryptophan is converted to L-5-hydroxytryptophan by tryptophan hydroxylase
2. L-5-hydroxytryptophan is converted to Serotonin or 5-HT by L-aromatic amino acid decarboxylaseSerotonin action is terminated via uptake of 5-HT from the synapse. This is done by specific monoamine transporter of 5-HT called Serotonin transporter(5-HTT)(SERT( on the presynaptic neuron.

• Following are the serotinergic drugs and the receptors they act on:

1. 5-HT1A Partial agonists- buspirone, ipsapirone, tandospirone. Used to treat anxiety and depression.
2. 5-HT1D/1B Partial agonists- sumatriptan, naratriptan. Used to treat migraine
3. 5-HT2A/2C Antagonists- methysergide, trazodone, risperidone, ketanserin, ritanserin. Used to treat schizophrenia, depression or migraine.
4. 5-HT3 Antagonist- Ondansetron, tropisetron, memantine.
5. 5-HT4 Agonists- cisapride, metoclopramide. Used in certain GI disorders.
6. Serotonin Precursors- dopamine, L-tryptophan, 5-hydroxytryptophan
7. Serotonin re-uptake inhibitors- citalopram, fluoxetin, paroxetine, chlorpheniramine, cocanie, pentazocin
8. Serotonin Agonists- P-chloramphetamine, bromocriptine, gepirone, eltoprazin, quipazine
9. Irreversible Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors( MAOIs)- selegiline, procarbazine, nialamide, phenelzine.
10. Reversible Inhibitors of MAO(RIMAs)- brofaramine, befloxatone, moclobemide