List 3 types of mutations in DNA sequence. How does each affect the resulting protein?

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Expert Solution

Mutation = A suddent heritable change in the genome sequence.

Types of mutations:
1. Silent mutation: A change in the nucleic acid sequence does not alter the amino acid sequence in the protein
It does not alter the protein function.
Ex: GGG ---> GGC: Both codons speciy the same amino acid, Glycine.

2. Conservative mutation: A change in the nucleic acid sequence that replaces one amino acid with another amino acid that is similar in the size and properties to the original amino acid.
It often does not result in the mutant phenotype (There can be a mild reduction in the activity).
Ex: CUC ---> AUC: Leu ---> Ile: Both tehse amino acids are similar in their size and hydrophobicity.

3. Nonconservative mutation: A change in the nucleic acid sequence that replaces one amino acid with another amino acid that is different in the size and properties to the original amino acid.
It often results in the mutant phenotype
Ex: CUC ---> CGC: Leu ---> Arg: Leu is a hydrophobic amino acid. Arg is a basic amino acid.

Sydney Mullin answered 11 months ago

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