Question

In: Biology

Q1. Choose all enzymes that participate in the translation processes. ( Select all that apply.) A....

Q1. Choose all enzymes that participate in the translation processes. ( Select all that apply.)

A. release factors

B.DNA polymerase II

C.aminoacyl tRNA synthetases

D.large subunit ribozyme

E. DNA polymerase I

D. DNA polymerase III

Q2. Which of the following is not a disorder caused by the aggregation of misfolded protein?

A. Parkinson's Disease

B. sickle-cell anemia

C. Huntinton's Disease

D. Alzheimer's Disease

E. alkaptonuria

Expert Solution

Answer 1- correct options are A, C, D

The enzymes which are participate in translation are

release factors, aminoacyl t-RNA synthetase and large subunit ribozyme.

Explaination-

I) A release factor is a protein that allows for the termination of translation by recognizing the stop codons in an mRNA sequence. They are named so because they release new peptides from the ribosome.

ii)Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases play an indi rect role in translation. It helps in activation of specific amino acid by catalyzing the attachment of a given amino acid to the 3' end of its cognate tRNA.

Iii)Ribozymes (ribonucleic acid enzymes) are RNA molecules that have the ability to catalyze specific biochemical reactions. They helps in linking amino acids during protein synthesis.

RNA polymerase I synthesizes pre-rRNAs, RNA polymerase II synthesizes precursors of mRNAs and most snRNA while RNA polymerase III synthesizes tRNAs & rRNA 5S.

Answer 2- correct answers are A, C, D

Most of the nuronal disease are caused by aggregation of various proteins in central nervous system. The most popular neuronal disease caused by proteins aggregation are Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's Disease & Huntington's disease.

Explaination-

i)Parkinson's Disease marked by the production of alpha-synuclein clumps in brain.

ii)Alzheimer's Disease is characterized by aggregation of the tau protein in brain.

iii) Huntington's Disease is caused by aggregation of Huntingtin protein in brain.

However sickle cell anemia and alkaptonuria are genetic disorder. The characteristics of sickle cell anemia is the sigmoid shaped blood cell due to mutation in 6th position of beta chain of haemoglobin while the alkaptonuria the body unable to properly break down certain amino acids (tyrosine and phenylalanine). As a result, a substance called homogentisic acid builds up in the skin and other body tissues.

gladiator answered 10 months ago

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