Question

DNA mutations lead to genomic and phenotypic variation. Describe processes by which they are generated. Describe intracellular genetic mechanisms which could lead to the beneficial mutations in one organism finding their way into other organisms.

Answer 1

Ans- DNA mutation are generated by the addition or deletion of the one or more nucleotide to the wild type DNA sequence. The addition or deletion of single nucleotide will lead to change in the frame of triplet codon and this will lead to production of a wrong protein during translation.

The example of beneficial mutation is becoming of some bacteria drug resistant. In this the continuous introduction of the drugs makes the organisms to change their phenotype i.e loss of drug receptor or something else which make them in such condition that before mutation they were sensitive to specific drug but after mutation they become resistant to drug.