Question

Catabolism and anabolism; three stages of catabolism

Answer 1

Catabolism - It is a process of break down of larger molecules into the simpler one. The simpler molecules that have broken down during the catabolism can be used either for energy generation or the synthesis of new molecules. The releases energy is used for the synthesis of new molecules. Breakdown of Starch into the sugar and then sugar is utilized for the production of ATP.

Anabolism- It is the process of synthesis of complex organic molecules from the simpler organic molecules. Well known example of Anabolism is photosynthesis where simpler molecules like CO2 and H2O is used to make starch.

Stages of Catabolism-

Digestion - In this stage complex organic molecules are broken down into simpler one. Molecules like proteins are broken down into amino acids, lipids into fatty acids and starch into glucose outside the cell

Conversion of monomers into acetyl Co-A- Molecules which are generated during the digestion process transported in the cell. All the simpler compound are further converted into the Acetyl Co-A

Complete oxidation and Energy release - Acetyl Co-A is further oxidized into CO2. During complete oxidation, ATP is generated and energy is stored in the form of NADH