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In: Psychology

What are Kierkegaard's three stages of existence? Explain

What are Kierkegaard's three stages of existence? Explain

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Expert Solution

Søren Kierkegaard was considered to be the first existentialist philosopher. According to him, there are three distinct stages of life: the aesthetic, the ethical, and the religious.

Aesthetic life-view: The main idea of this life view is described below:

  • It is characterized by subjectivism, hedonism, and nihilism.
  • It seeks personal pleasure, but lacks any integrating narrative or ultimate meaning.
  • It can be divided into immediate and reflective forms, as exemplified in the characters of Don Juan and Faust, respectively.

Ethical life-view: The main idea of this life view is described below:  

  • It finds its value in social morality.
  • Institutions such as the State and the Church provide a context which enables moral striving and personal development.
  • Participation in vocational, familial, and marital relationships, and the like, and satisfying the duties attendant to each, constitute life’s meaning.

Religious life-view: The main idea of this life view is described below:

  • It relativizes both subjective and cultural values
  • A relationship to God is the ultimate ground of moral duty and existential purpose.
  • Within this life-view we can distinguish between the natural religiousness of ancient Greek paganism, and the paradoxical religiousness of the Christian faith.

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