compare and contrast the pathophysiology of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone and diabetes insipidus

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Expert Solution

Inappropriate diuretic hormone and diabetes incipidus both are the disorders of of water regulation which affect the activity of anti diuretic harmone

Posterior pituitary produces hormone called arginine vasopressin also called AVP
AVP acts on renal tubules to induce water retention, which leads to concentrated urine but in Diabetes incipidus there will be defect in secretion and synthesis of vasopressin which leads to decreased free water reabsorbtion in renal collecting tubules
The pituitary gland is stimulated to secrete ADH when the body senses hypertonisisty allowing absorption of water back in to circulation
This occurs by means of increased water permeability and sodium absorption in the renal system, which prevents diuresis.
When diuresis occurs, urine becomes concentrated and urine output decreases
Alternatively when the body senses hypotonisisty, ADH secretion is suppressed and it leads to less concentrated and higher volume of urine output

Nightingale answered 1 year ago

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