Compare and contrast Simple Random Samples with Stratified Random Samples Discuss the major difference between probability and nonprobability samples, and discuss the impact this difference has on one’s ability to generalize to the larger population being studied. Be Specific. Criminal Justice

Terrorism and Torture

WASHINGTON—Most Americans and a majority of people in Britain, France and South Korea say torturing terrorism suspects is justified at least in rare instances, according to AP-Ipsos polling. The United States has drawn criticism from human rights groups and many governments, especially in Europe, for its treatment of terror suspects. President Bush and other top officials have said the U.S. does not torture, but some suspects in American custody have alleged they were victims of severe mistreatment. The polling, in the United States and eight of its closest allies, found that in Canada, Mexico and Germany people are divided on whether torture is ever justified. Most people opposed torture under any circumstances in Spain and Italy. “I don’t think we should go out and string everybody up by their thumbs until somebody talks. But if there is definitely a good reason to get an answer, we should do whatever it takes,” said Billy Adams, a retiree from Tomball, Texas. In America, 61 percent of those surveyed agreed torture is justified at least on rare occasions. Almost nine in 10 in South Korea and just over half in France and Britain felt that way.

Do you agree with most Americans that the use of torture is sometimes morally permissible in fighting terrorism? If so, what circumstances do you think would justify torture? If not, why not? How might a Natural Law Theory justify (or oppose) torture? How Natural Law theorist argue against torturing suspected terrorists?

On March 12, 2009, a former chief of the New York Stock Exchange pled guilty to one of the largest financial frauds in history. Bernie Madoff, founder of his own financial firm and active philanthropist, had been swindling thousands of private investors—many of whom were close friends—out of billions of dollars. Madoff had achieved a degree of personal financial success few individuals ever attain, though he will be spending the rest of his life in prison. Would you consider Madoff an intelligent person? What role might emotional intelligence have played in his decision making?

For this Discussion, you define intelligence and detail its components. You also take a position on whether or not emotional intelligence is an accurate measure of intelligence.

With these thoughts in mind:

Post

a brief definition of intelligence, including the main components of intelligence.

Then provide your position on whether or not emotional intelligence is an accurate measure of intelligence.

Justify your response.

Explore Kubler-Ross Stages of loss and grief (chapter 17) and relate them to your personal experience regarding the changes you’ve experienced regarding the COVID-19 pandemic.

Have you gone through any of the grief stages?

What kinds of behavior did you demonstrate?

Please share your experience including feelings, thoughts, and behaviors in addition to naming which stage in Kubler-Ross theory best fits with each experience.

Also please reference how anticipatory grief has factored in your thoughts and behaviors.

In 200 words or more, Explain the relevance and dynamics of the Stage Development framework through the work of Robert Keegan.

What is the question that Jordan in White Man's Burden asks in the Preface? What does he want to explain? And how is this a HISTORICAL question? Quote at least once directly from the Preface when you write your response.

What do you think is the biggest cause of global poverty and why?

what is the philosophy of Sigmund Freud

B. For each of the following operant conditioning situations, identify whether this is an example of positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, positive punishment, or negative punishment. Put a + or – next to the stimulus to show if it is being added or taken away.

1. Jamie spanks his child for playing in the street.

2. An “A” on exam that you studied real hard for.

4. Getting a pay check.

5. Reducing anxiety by smoking a cigarette.

6. Embarrassing a student for giving a wrong answer.

7. Taking an aspirin to relieve a headache

8. Receiving a hug from your parents after throwing a temper tantrum.

9. Getting fired from your job because you show up late to work.

11. Lindsay wasn’t doing well in her 6th grade math class. Her teacher told her parents that Lindsay handed in less than 50% of her assignments. Her parents told Lindsay that any day on which she did not hand in her homework she would be sent to bed right after dinner. As a result of this threat, Lindsay has handed in her assignment 97% of the time.

12. In order to receive his allowance Jake cleans up his room regularly.

13. Greg does not go to the dentist every 6 months for a check-up. Instead, he waited until a tooth really hurts, then goes to the dentist. After 2 emergency trips to the dentist, Greg now goes to the dentist every 6 months like he should.

14. After Cassie flirted with someone else at the party, her boyfriend stopped talking to her. Cassie didn’t flirt at the next party.

15. The annoying student jumps up and down, hand raised, yelling “me, me, me!”

until the teacher calls on her. The child jumps and yells even more in the future.

16. Police randomly stop drivers and give tickets to those who are not wearing their seat belts; as a result of this program seat belt use increases in town.

Provide an example of shaping a behavior:

C. How could you stop your dog from pooping in the house using

Positive punishment:

Negative Punishment:

Positive Reinforcement:

Negative Reinforcement:

For the social skills rating system, does the test administration procedures replicate the conditions under which the test was validated and normed?

1. , choose one of the topics below to complete your APA paper
   • Topics/People:
     • Mental Disorder and the Elderly Depression
     • Mood Disorder
     • Anxiety
     • Personality Traits
     • Memory
     • Adulthood and Aging
     • Death, Dying and Bereavement
     • Lawrence Kohlberg
     • Abraham Maslow

In 200 words or more, Do gender and culture affect the characteristics of leadership? If so, how?

Consider the work of an air traffic controller or an emergency room physician. Both jobs require alertness, quick thinking, and sound judgment in the making of a constant stream of life-or-death decisions. This process occurs with every worker’s shift, day after day. Imagine the impact of such an ongoing responsibility on cognitive functioning.

Stress has profound effects on cognitive functions, such as decision making, occasionally altering the brain in surprising ways. Stress symptoms may lead to prominent clinical characteristics, which often go beyond anxiety and fear. Stress hormones can affect neurotransmitter systems in the brain, causing physical changes in some cases. The hippocampus, for example, can atrophy as a result of chronic stress.

For this Discussion, consider effects of stress on cognitive functions. Then think about a time when stress affected your cognitive functions.

With these thoughts in mind:

Post a brief explanation of how stress affects cognitive functions, including the roles of the amygdala and the prefrontal cortex.

Then provide examples of situations when stress affected your attention, memory, problem solving, or decision making.

Finally, explain how you might mitigate the effects of stress on cognitive functions.