Demographers have noted that the world’s population distribution will undergo a major shift in the next 30 years. Describe this shift and identify the types of strains it will create in both the United States and in other countries.

12. a) Choose two of the factors discussed in class that often maintain one group's prejudice towards another group. Explain how one of those two factors can enhance or increase the impact of the other factor. b) Choose a third factor discussed in class that maintains group prejudice. Select any strategy or concept discussed this term that is involved in influencing behavior or reducing conflict. Explain how that strategy could be used to diminish the impact of the factor you identified that maintains prejudice

Arlene is a ninth-grade student from a low-SES household. Though capable academically, she is not performing on grade level, does not complete or turn in her homework, and has difficulty staying engaged during her classes.

Identify at least three challenges related to low SES that might explain why Arlene is having difficulty in school.

After speaking to Arlene and confirming your suspicions, explain four ways you could help her to succeed in the classroom.

Discussion 2 - An Integrative Approach to Psychopathology:

Can you think of any cases of psychopathology that would have a unidimensional explanation?

How do genes interact with environmental factors to affect behavior? What are some disorders that seem primarily biological in their origins? Are there any that seem primarily environmental? Please discuss the science around disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder in which interactions between biology and environment determine outcome.

What are some ways in which suppression of an emotion might lead to a negative health outcome?

What do you think is behind the emotion of jealousy? Why are some people more prone to jealousy than others? Do you think men and women show their jealousy in different ways? If so, can you think of social factors that might account for these differences?

Do you think it is fair for students to be admitted or denied entrance into a college because of standardized test scores? Think about possible barriers to test-taking. (i.e., test anxiety, disabilities, unfamiliar material etc.)

1. What do you think is behind the emotion of jealousy? Why are some people more prone to jealousy than others? Do you think men and women show their jealousy in different ways? If so, can you think of social factors that might account for these differences?

2. Some men believe that divorce laws and legal practices have made it more difficult for them to gain custody of or to continue parenting their children after divorce. Is this claim the flip side of the argument that women have a maternal instinct and are better suited to parent than men are? Review the research on child custody awards to see whether mothers are awarded custody more often than fathers. What conclusions do you draw about What conclusions do you draw about divorce laws and the legal system?

For the following testing scenario, identify specific ethical considerations or potential violations committed by Dr. Jefferson as discussed in your textbook and course manual. From an ethical perspective, please consider what Dr. Jefferson has done well and what she could have done differently. If there is a violation of the Canadian Psychological Ethical Guidelines for Psychologists, provide recommendations for a more ethical practice (i.e., what advice would you give to Dr. Jefferson?) Dr. Jefferson lives and practices psychology in a rural area. She has been a registered psychologist for 5 years (Ph.D. in Child Psychology) and her area of specialization is anxiety disorders and depression. She began to provide psychotherapy to Mr. Giles, a 42-year-old, who was dealing with depression. After three sessions, Mr. Giles suffered a significant head injury while at work. His impairment is noticeable by Dr. Jefferson without any type of testing, although she administers the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery, just in case. Mr. Giles’s co-worker, Cynthia, helped him find an attorney so that his rights are protected, especially since the incident occurred at work. Dr. Jefferson had Mr. Giles sign a release to talk with the attorney as well as Cynthia. From a phone call with the attorney, WSIB (Workers Compensation) wants to work out a settlement, but the attorney has little understanding regarding Mr. Giles’ level of impairment. Mr. Giles demonstrates a variety of cognitive deficits. He needs assistance and monitoring with daily tasks, such as home care, shopping, transportation, understanding the settlement process, reading his mail, and paying his bills. He will likely need to go into an assisted living facility. His family lives three provinces away and provides minimal help, both emotionally and financially. Mr. Giles doesn't appear to understand his legal rights or the settlement process. Prior to providing extra-therapy support, Dr. Jefferson had Mr. Giles sign a document explaining her fees for the additional services. She is not sure that he completely understands what is happening or her version of informed consent for the additional services. The psychologist has been doing much of the case management work on her own, such as locating a long-time friend who is willing to help him at home, engaging in lengthy discussions with his primary care physician and neurologist, participating in multiple conversations with the attorney, and trying to find a guardian or power of attorney. Over dinner and beers, she has also spoken at length to her partner, a neuropsychologist, about how best to serve her client.

THE FISH I caught a tremendous fish and held him beside the boat half out of water, with my hook fast in a corner of his mouth. He didn't fight. He hadn't fought at all. He hung a grunting weight, battered and venerable and homely. Here and there his brown skin hung in strips like ancient wallpaper, and its pattern of darker brown was like wallpaper: shapes like full-blown roses stained and lost through age. He was speckled with barnacles, fine rosettes of lime, and infested with tiny white sea-lice, and underneath two or three rags of green weed hung down. While his gills were breathing in the terrible oxygen - the frightening gills, fresh and crisp with blood, that can cut so badly- I thought of the coarse white flesh packed in like feathers, the big bones and the little bones, the dramatic reds and blacks of his shiny entrails, and the pink swim-bladder like a big peony. I looked into his eyes which were far larger than mine but shallower, and yellowed, the irises backed and packed with tarnished tinfoil seen through the lenses of old scratched isinglass. They shifted a little, but not to return my stare. - It was more like the tipping of an object toward the light. I admired his sullen face, the mechanism of his jaw, and then I saw that from his lower lip - if you could call it a lip grim, wet, and weaponlike, hung five old pieces of fish-line, or four and a wire leader with the swivel still attached, with all their five big hooks grown firmly in his mouth. A green line, frayed at the end where he broke it, two heavier lines, and a fine black thread still crimped from the strain and snap when it broke and he got away. Like medals with their ribbons frayed and wavering, a five-haired beard of wisdom trailing from his aching jaw. I stared and stared and victory filled up the little-rented boat, from the pool of bilge where oil had spread a rainbow around the rusted engine to the bailer rusted orange, the sun-cracked thwarts, the oarlocks on their strings, the gunnels- until everything was rainbow, rainbow, rainbow! And I let the fish go. Questions on Elizabeth Bishop’s “The Fish” 1. Define the following words: venerable, barnacles, rosettes, sea-lice, entrails, peony, irises, isinglass, sullen, grim, swivel, fray, bilge, thwarts, oarlock, gunnels. 2. What is the subject of the poem and who is the speaker? 3. Find all of the similes (a comparison of two things using the words “like” or “as”) in the poem. Which of them, in your opinion, is the strongest and why? 4. Explain the following image: “Like medals with their ribbons/ frayed and wavering,/ a five-haired beard of wisdom/ trailing from his aching jaw.” What does she mean by “a five-haired beard of wisdom?” Why do you think Bishop chose to use the word “medals?” 5. Track Bishop’s use of color in the poem. Find the instances where she mentions specific colors. Why do you think that Bishop writes, “until everything/ was rainbow, rainbow, rainbow!” towards the end of the poem? 6. Bishop repeats words and phrases throughout the poem. Choose and instance where she uses repetition and explain how it contributes to the poem. 7. Explain the tone (the speaker’s attitude about the subject matter) of the poem. Use evidence from the poem to support your answer 8. What, in your thinking, is the strongest aspect of this poem? Do you like the poem? Why or why not? 9. Fill in the outline of a fish with 15 details from the poem. Please label each of the details. Feel free to add to the area around the fish.

Summarize in one to two sentences the general diagnostic criteria of neurocognitive disorders. Researcg and descruve how neuroscience, possible brain injury and psychopathology interact with one another within the neurocognitive. For example, research in the academic journals the connection between brain injury (concussions, TBI from combat etc) and the risk of the eventual development of neurocognitive disorder with dementia. or, research the connection between forms of medical ippness (HIV, Huntington's, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, etc) and the development of psychiatric symptoms. what effective treatments (biological and psychological) exist for these complex disorders and symptoms? what measures can be taken early and throughout life to prevent the development of neurocotnitive disorders and dementia?

How "democratic" is the U.S. democracy? What is "limited government" and how are the various levels of government in the U.S. limited? How is power "decentralized" in the U.S. political system? What is "credit claim"? How does "image" factor into politics? What do these concepts tell us about the state and health of our democracy?

Describe the social and cultural conditions that led to the rise of cognitive psychology. Argue whether cognitive psychology represents further growth in the field of psychology or the development of a new science.

Abnormal Psychology

Discussion Prompt: I’d like us to think about this- What is abnormal?

Consider the following situations. Is this behavior abnormal? Most people would consider at least some of the actions of the people involved to be abnormal. What do you think? Think about each one. What questions would you need to be answered to determine an answer (e.g., how old is this person?) Explain your reasoning for your judgment. You will have to “dig” mentally to put some of these reasons into words. Here are the situations:

1. Your uncle consumes a quart of whiskey per day; he has trouble remembering the names of those around him.

2. Your grandmother believes that part of her body is missing and cries out about this missing part all day long. You show her that the part she thinks is missing actually is not, but she refuses to acknowledge this contradictory information.

3. Your neighbor has vague physical complaints and sees two or three doctors weekly.

4. Your neighbor sweeps, washes, and scrubs his driveway daily.

5. Your cousin is pregnant and is dieting (800 calories per day) so that she will not get “too fat” with the pregnancy. She has had this type of behavioral response since she was 13 years old.

6. A woman’s husband dies within the past year. The widow appears to talk to herself in the yard, doesn’t wash herself or dress in clean clothes, and appears to have lost a lot of weight.

7. A 10-year-old wants to have his entire body tattooed.

8. A 23-year-old female smokes marijuana every day is a straight-A student in college, has a successful job, and is in a solid long-term relationship.

9. A person experiences several unexpected panic attacks each week, but is otherwise happily married, functions well at work, and leads an active recreational lifestyle.

10. A 35-year-old happily married man enjoys wearing women’s clothes and underwear on the weekends when he and his wife go out on the town.