1) write a review report on the topic Effects of climate change on hydro power generation.(1500 words).

In a one-dimensional consolidation test the time required for 50% consolidation has been measured as 154 seconds. The settlement of the sample at the end of the test was 2.5 mm.

a) Assume that Tv for 90% consolidation is equal to 0.848 and Tv for 50% consolidation is equal to 0.197. Also recall that Tv = (cv.t)/d2. Determine the time required to achieve 90% consolidation.

b) For the same experiment, assuming double drainage (i.e. open layer/permeable boundaries) and knowing that s'0 = 60 kPa, s'1 = 120 kPa, e0 = 0.65 and H0 = 20 mm determine the coefficient of permeability (k) in m/s.

Recall that S = mv.H0.Ds' and that k = cv.mv.gw

c) How long would it take to achieve 90% consolidation for the same soil on a layer with single drainage (i.e. closed layer) with a thickness of 10 m? Please provide your answer in years

d) What would you expect to happen to (i) the coefficient of volume compressibility mv, (ii) the permeability k, and (iii) the time to reach 90% consolidation t90 if it was decided to build (in the field) an embankment twice as heavy as initially expected? (i.e. consider that s'1 = 240 kPa). Calculations are not necessary to justify your answer. You must explain your answer in terms of physical phenomena (i.e. what the soil “feels”).

e) What are vertical drains? How can they be used in the field to accelerate consolidation time? Why do they work? Answer succinctly and use as many sketches as necessary to explain your answers

1) Explain SIDRA network development in detail?

2) How can we achieve best platoon ratio in sidra intersection networking?

The bearing capacity of a pad foundation can be calculated using the formula given by:

qf = cNcscic + gDNqsqiq + 0.5gBNgsgig

Consider a shallow foundation with dimensions equal to 3 m x 4 m. The foundation will need to be placed on soil found in-situ which is a firm, saturated clay (gsat = 19.5 kN/m3) layer extending to considerable depth with the following geotechnical properties:

c’ = 10 kPa

f = 35o

Assume that there is no ground water level observed from ground investigation reports.

a) What is the foundation depth required to achieve a minimum bearing capacity of 4500 kPa?

b) Assume that the ground water level is likely to raise up to the ground surface (due to heavy rain during winter). If the requirement of a minimum bearing capacity equal to 4500 kPa is maintained, what would be the minimum area required for a square footing founded at the minimum depth found in part (a) for this new conditions during winter?

c) How would you expect this foundation to fail? Explain the reason for your comments.

d) Briefly explain three (3) different methods that can be used to increase bearing capacity in soils.

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Select the lightest W-shape beam to support a uniformly distributed lead of 1 kip/ft on a simple span of 30 ft. Lateral support exists at the ends and mid-span. Assume A-36 steel. Consider moment and shear.

A rectangular channel 2.0 m wide has a discharge of 0.350 cms. Find the height of a rectangular weir spanning the full width of the channel that can be used to pass this discharge while maintaining an upstream depth of 0.850 m. if a contracted rectangular weir of length 1.5 m and height 0.6 m is used what would be the depth of flow upstream of the weir?

State (concisely) how (a) vertical drains, (b) surcharge preloading and (c) reinforcement benefit the design of an embankment on soft clay.

A sluice gate in a 3.0 m wide rectangular, horizontal, channel release a discharge of 18.0 cms. The gate opening is 0.67 m and the coefficient of contraction can be assumed to be 0.6. Examine the type of hydraulic jump formed when the tailwater is (1) 3.60 m (2) 5.00 m and (3) 4.09m.

A 3% uphill grade is immediately followed by a 2% downhill grade along a proposed highway alignment.For a design speed of 55mph, find the minimum length of a vertical curve that satisfies the passing sight distance requirement. Use equation and show all calculations. Based on the result, would you restrict the passing maneuver and redesign the curve appropriately?

Give some Data descriptions on Regional flood analysis

Label the following statements with either a “true” or a “false” and explain your reasoning (i.e. by showing the appropriate equations). In the rational method, increasing the watershed slope decreases the predicted runoff volume

1. In the curve number method, increasing the channel slope increases the predicted peak discharge
2. Culvert roughness has no effect on headwater depth under inlet control
3. Increasing tailwater depth increases headwater depth under outlet control
4. If the time-of-concentration includes shallow concentrated flow, increasing the slope of that flow path will increase the predicted peak discharge
5. For a given discharge, increasing Manning’s roughness coefficient for a channel will increase the flow depth
6. In the curve number method, doubling the 24 hour rainfall amount for the design storm doubles the predicted runoff volume
7. Iteration is required to compute the time-of-concentration in the curve number method

Name five traits of a good engineer and provide your rationale.

Find: Label the following statements with either a “true” or a “false” and explain your reasoning (i.e. by showing the appropriate equations).

1. In TR-55, increasing the curve number always increases the predicted peak discharge
2. Increasing a culvert’s length always increases the headwater depth
3. Hydrographs predicted with the curve number method are always symmetrical triangles with a base equal to the time-of-concentration of the watershed
4. Doubling the culvert roughness will double the headwater depth under outlet control
5. In the rational method, increasing the runoff coefficient by 25 % will result in a predicted peak discharge that is increased by 25 %
6. Headwater depth always increases when the culvert inlet has a headwall (compared to a culvert without a headwall)

An eye-opening exploration of how social changes such as technological advancements influence the social practices of individuals and nations. For example, your grandparents may have used a dial phone to contact family members and today thanks to technological advancement a majority of persons use a cordless phone or iPhone.In a three paragraph format discuss in your own words the three factors that lead to social change. Include one example of each notion from personal or professional experience in the response.

Then, in a separate paragraph explain how you can apply this learning to a future professional setting. Include a minimum of three points in the response.