The data obtained for a direct shear test are as follows. Normal pressure 20 kN/m2 , tangential pressure = 16 kN/m2 .Angle of internal friction = 20˚, cohesion = 8 kN/m2 . Represent the data by Mohr circle and compute the principal stress and the direction of principal planes. Also draw the failure plane.

Using Pipe-flo or Hydroflo to solve the following problem. (Report the results by including screenshoots )Water is pumped from a low reservoir to a high reservoir that is 20 m higher in elevation. The water is flowing at 1.5 m/s through a 305 mm internal diameter piping system. The water is at 18 degrees C. There are 1,000 m of piping, six standard 45 degree bends, two standard 90 degree bends, a branch flow tee, three gate valves, a swing check valve, a square inlet and a square outlet. The piping and valves are ductile iron, cement lined, with an absolute roughness Ꜫ of 1.0 mm due to chemical deposits. Use hand calculations and show all of your work. a. Calculate the Reynolds Number (NR), the relative roughness (Ꜫ/D), and Darcy’s “f”. b. Calculate the pipe friction loss in m using Darcy’s Equation. c. Calculate the minor losses (entrance, fittings, valves, exit) in m. d. Calculate the total losses (pipe friction plus minor losses) in m.

Your task is to build a wastewater treatment plant to handle all of the domestic wastewater produced by a housing estate. Using population equivalent, PE = 65000, design, describe and calculate briefly the sizes of all the unit processes in the treatment plant that are going to be built.

Your task is to build a wastewater treatment plant to handle all of the domestic wastewater produced by a housing estate. Using population equivalent, PE = 65000, design, describe and calculate briefly the sizes of all the unit processes in the treatment plant that are going to be built. You may assume the value that is not given.

Your task is to build a wastewater treatment plant to handle all of the domestic wastewater produced by a housing estate. Using population equivalent, PE = 65000, design, describe and calculate briefly the sizes of all the unit processes in the treatment plant that are going to be built. You may assume the value that is not given.

If Larson-miller parameter for a given elevated temperature alloy was found to be 26000, by how much would the rupture life of a sample be estimated to decrease if absolute temperature of a test were increased from 1100 to 1250 K? assume that Larson-miller constant is equal to 20

1. What is the use of Cumulative Growth Factor (CGF)?

2. You need to reduce the viscosity of Bitumen. What are the different methods available to you?

3. Describe the different ways to compact a subgrade.

4. Describe the possible conflicting manoeuvres at an intersection.

5. What is the use of a primer in bituminous surfacing?

6. Outline the construction and maintenance factors must be taken in to account in pavement design.

7. Briefly describe the test, which may be used to assess and control the following properties.

(a) Penetration (b) Flash point.

8.   List the factors you will consider in designing At-Grade intersections?

9. Briefly describe the Marshall Stability test and the use of the results obtained.

10. Grader and scraper are two machines used for road construction. Discuss the purposes for which these machines are used.

1. Discuss the use of the C.B.R. value in the design of pavement.

2. Discuss some of the defects you will encounter in maintenance of roads.

3. What is the use of a grader and a scraper in the construction of road?

4. Briefly explain the Marshall test. Discuss the use of the test.

5. Outline three methods by which the viscosity of bitumen can be reduced to facilitate its application.

6. Discuss the functions of a primer in bituminous surfacing.

8. A drainage system is an important part of any road. Discuss its functions.

9. Explain the concept of “equivalent standard axle”.

10. List the pre-construction activities which will be necessary for a new road deviation in a rural area.

1. What is NPV value in relation to cost benefit analysis of projects?

2. List the factors influencing the design of At-Grade intersections

3. Explain the use of C.B.R value in pavement design?

4. Sketch roughly three different types of grade separations and interchanges.

5. Briefly describe test which may be used to assess and control the following properties. (a) Penetration (b) Flash point.

6. List the use of channelization in the design of an intersection

7. Outline three methods by which the viscosity of bitumen can reduced..

8. Explain the difference in the purpose of using Flux and Cutter.

9. Discuss the functions of a primer in bituminous surfacing.

10. A number of techniques have been developed to provide information on pavement deterioration. Outline the techniques.

1-. A concrete beam of rectangular cross section of size 300mm x 500 mm is prestressed with 750kN at an eccentricity of 100mm from the centre of gravity of the gross section with 500 mm2 of prestressing steel stress to 1500 N/mm2. Analyse the section for stress (find the stress in concrete at top and bottom fibre)

2- The same concrete is covering a span of 7m. It is subjected to live load of 20 kN/m. Evaluate the stresses at top and bottom fibres at mid cross section due to the effect of prestress, dead and and live loads. Assume unit weight of concrete to be 24 kN/m3

Consider the vector fields F = ze^xz cos y i − e^xz sin y j + xe^xz cos y k G = x^2 z i + xy^2 j + yz^3 k (a) Compute div F. (b) Use curl to determine which of F and G is conservative. (c) Find a function f such that your answer to part (b) is equal to ∇f. (d) Find ∇^2f.

QUESTION 1

Distinguish between solid waste and hazardous waste in terms of definition. Discuss the management of hazardous waste. [20 marks]

subject:enviromental enginnering

1. What are typical performance tests for asphalt mixture? Describe each test, device and parameters used to characterize the performance of asphalt mixture.

Explain the concepts of Boussinesq method (elastic theory), methods using tables, graphs and charts for the
determination of stress distribution in soils due to different types of loading