Pipe (2) is supported by a pin at bracket C and by tie rod (1). The structure supports a load P at pin B. Tie rod (1) has a diameter of 10 mm and an allowable normal stress of 110 MPa. Pipe (2) has an outside diameter of 54 mm, a wall thickness of 6 mm, and an allowable normal stress of 165 MPa. Assume x₁ = 3.6 m, x₂ = 1.2 m, and y₁ = 3.5 m. Determine the maximum load P_max that can be supported by the structure without exceeding either allowable normal stress.

Explain all the modes of occurrence of water in the soil. Also, explain shrink, swell, bulking of sand and Frost action w.r.t soil mechanics (how it impacts or effects structures)

1. Determine the Stability  Category for the following scenarios:
   1. What stability category would most likely occur when the wind speed is 6 to 8 m/s?
   2. If the sky is overcast, synonymous with cloudy, what would the stability category most likely be?
   3. What would the stability category most likely be on a sunny April afternoon when the wind speed is 3 m/s?
   4. If the surface wind at night is 3 m/s and there is 5/8 of low clouds, what is the most likely stability category?
   5. It is a day of moderate insolation. The wind speed is 2.5 m/s and the cloud cover is 2/10. At a solar altitude of 45°, determine the stability class by:
      1. The Pasquill-Gifford method
      2. The Turner method

list igneous rock

In regards to the mix design of concrete, respond to each of the following by showing detailed calculations. Use the tables and figures below.

1. If the concrete characteristic strength = 40 MPa, with 2.5% defective test results, what will be the target mean strength?

2. If the target mean strength of concrete = 30 MPa at 28 days, the coarse aggregate is uncrushed, using GP (General Purpose) cement, what is the water cement ratio W/C?

3. If the concrete slump = 8 mm, the maximum aggregate size = 10 mm, assume using crushed gravel and uncrushed sand, what is the value of the free water?

4. If aggregate specific gravity = 2.7, free water content = 180 kg/m³, cement content = 300 kg/m³, W/C = 0.6, % passing 600 μm sieve = 0.6, slump = 20 mm, maximum aggregate size = 10 mm, what is the content of fine aggregate?

5. If cement content = 300 kg/m³, water content = 180 kg/m³, gravel content = 1100 kg/m³, sand content = 750 kg/m³, how are the mix proportions represented by ratio?

Explain briefly the arch types in your words.

QUESTION 1 (30%). Concrete is required for a reinforced concrete building. The 28-day target mean (cube) compressive strength should be 40 N/mm2. Use the BRE method to determine the concrete mix proportions for 0.05 m3 concrete (BRE tables and figures are attached below for each stage). (30%) The properties of materials and site conditions are as follows: - Cement strength class: 42.5 - Slump required: 50 mm - Coarse aggregate: crushed 20 mm (use 1:2 proportions for 10 mm and 20 mm combination); Fine aggregate: uncrushed (40% passes 600 micron sieve) - Minimum allowable cement content: 300 kg/m3; Maximum allowable cement content: 450 kg/m3 - Maximum allowable free w/c ratio: 0.55 - Relative density of aggregates (SSD): 2.65 - Free Moisture content for Coarse Aggregate: +1.0% - Free moisture content for Fine Aggregate: +1.0%

1.1 characterisitic compressive strength (MPa) and age (days): Proportion defective (%)

Determine the Terzaghi’s Bearing Capacity of a square footing 2.25x2.25m located at a depth of 1.24 m in a sandrock for which c = 0 and Ф = 36⁰. The unit weight of the sandrock above the water table is 17.17 kN/m³; the saturated unit weight is 19.37 kN/m³.

Terzaghi’s Bearing Capacity Factors—Nc=63.53 , Nq=47.16 ,   and Ny= 54.36

3.1.The water table is at the surface

3.2.The water table is at 1.10m from the surface

3.3.The water table is at 1.55m from the surface

3.4.The water table is at 3.10m from the surface

3.5.The water table is at 4.50m from the surface

METHOD AND IMPORTANCE OF DRAINAGE AND DEWATERING GIVING SOME PRACTICLES EXAMPLES

Class: Hydraulic Engineering

Hot and cold water Plumbing systems. The design criteria and methods?

Class: (Sanitary Engineering)

The sewer design criteria and design methods and sewer lining?

Most traditional water treatment plants units and design limitation