1. An infant is born with alveolar capillary dysplasia. Which of the following is an effective treatment for this condition?

   	a	Corticosteroids to improve maturation of the alveolar cells
   	b	Artificial surfactant to lubricate the alveoli
   	c	None of these interventions are an effective treatment
   	d	Supplemental oxygen delivered via ventilator to raise oxygen levels in the alveoli

Which of the following heart malformations requires an atrial septal defect for infant survival?

QUESTION 3

1. Which of the following structures forms an identifiable structure in adults during normal development:

   		pharyngeal groove 1
   		pharyngeal pouch 6
   		pharyngeal groove 2
   		pharyngeal arch 5

2 points   

QUESTION 4

1. Two zygotes are present in the uterus of a mother. The zygotes fuse together, creating one embryo. The resulting child will  _______________ .

   		be a genetic mosaic, chimera, and intersex
   		be a genetic mosaic
   		be intersex
   		be a genetic mosaic and a chimera
   		be a chimera

2 points   

QUESTION 5

1. The respiratory membrane is made from which germ layers:

   		Mesoderm
   		Endoderm and mesoderm
   		Endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm
   		Endoderm

2 points   

QUESTION 6

1. If the ureteric bud does not form, __________ can occur.

   		Renal agenesis
   		Renal hypoplasia
   		Renal hypertrophy
   		Renal duplication

Mr. Andy Capp was recently arrested by San Antonio police for allegedly driving under the influence of alcohol (DUI). Calculate his estimated BAC range based on the following factors. Andy (male) at the time of the incident weighed 160 lbs (pounds) and told his defense attorney that he had only consumed six (6) beers and four (4) shots of hard liquor that night. He recalls that he had started drinking at 6:00 pm at the Hilltop Pub and was pulled over by police for the alleged DUI offense that night at 11:30 pm just two blocks from his residence after running over a neighbor’s mailbox.

He has had several prior alcohol related charges over the last two years. Based on this scenario what was his estimated BAC range (expressed in g/dL) at the time of the offense? What is this BAC range expressed in mg/dL? Show your work for partial credit.

Ms. Anna Capp now states that she was driving instead of her husband and hit the mailbox. Calculate her BAC range (in g/dL) based on her weighing 110 lbs and her claims that she consumed 4 beers and 2 shots of hard liquor starting at 6:00 pm at the Hilltop Pub. Show your work for partial credit.

1I - Part 1 In which part of the male reproductive system is the male reproductive cell (i.e. sperm) produced?

1I - Part 2 When/as a result of what internal process does the part of the male reproductive system you have identified above produce sperm?

1I - Part 3 Which part of the male reproductive system is responsible for ensuring that sperm are kept at a temperature that promotes their health and how does it do this?

1I - Part 4 As a part of the male reproductive system, what is the role of the epididymis?

1I - Part 5 What is the name of the muscular tube that is responsible for transporting sperm to the urethra via the ejaculatory duct?

1I - Part 6 Which two parts of the male reproductive system release fluids that mix with sperm to create semen?

1I - Part 7 Which part of the male reproductive system has muscles that help to project sperm out of the urethra during ejaculation?

1I - Part 8 What is the external organ that surrounds the urethra?

46. Performance decrements during activity occur with decrease as little as ____ of our body water. 1-2% 2-3% 0.5-1% None of the above 47. ___ and ____ play a critical role in body water and electrolyte balance are: Insulin; glucagon Testosterone; estrogen ADH (antidiuretic hormone); aldosterone None of the above are correct 48. Electrolytes are considered Ions when placed in a solution and allow for adequate conduction of _____ charges. negative electrical neutral None of the above are correct 49. For moderate-intensity activity lasting LONGER than 2 hours and/or high intensity activity lasting LONGER than 1 hour, we recommend 30-45 g carbohydrate + 15g protein (along with electrolytes) dissolved in about 600ml water every _____ during activity. 1 hour 30 minutes 3 hours None of the above are correct?

Describe how genes are expressed? Be as specific as you can

Human Physiology

Explain in detail the process that establishes and maintains the medullary osmotic gradient in the kidneys. Then describe the effect this osmotic gradient has on the water in the renal tubules.

explain and describe with examples The role of Nanotechnology in Healthcare

Human Physiology

Describe the events that lead to micturition (urination), including the effect of the nervous system on the muscles involved.

How will changes in arterial P_O2 impact ventilation? Select the one most accurate response.

Group of answer choices

Small changes in arterial P_O2 will result in fine changes to V_E in order to maintain relatively stable arterial P_O2.

Arterial P_O2 will not affect ventilation unless it drops below 60mmHg.

O₂ cannot cross the blood/brain barrier, thus cannot interact with central chemoreceptors to have an impact on ventilation.

Breathing 100% O₂ at atmospheric pressure will greatly reduce the urge to breathe.

List and briefly describe the mechanisms for smooth muscle contraction in terms of altering (increasing) the force of contraction.

A friend of yours needs bypass surgery. She does not want to get blood from a blood blank and asks you to call up her friends and ask them to donate blood. Her blood type is A-

You find out that 4 have blood type O+; 5 have blood type A+; 1 has blood type O-; 1 has blood type B-; 1 has blood type AB-

You will ask the friends with blood type/s _______________________ to donate blood. Why? Your answer must include an explanation about antigens and antibodies.

Provided below are the pressures in the left atrium, left ventricle, and aorta at a given point during the cardiac cycle of two different NORMAL patients. Based on the three pressures, what phase of the cardiac cycle are each of the two patients in?

Patient 1

Atrial pressure: 10 mmHg

Ventricular pressure: 75 mmHg

Aortic pressure: 85 mmHg

Patient 2

Atrial pressure: 15 mmHg

Ventricular pressure: 10 mmHg

Aortic pressure: 90 mmHg

A) Patient 1: Isovolumetric Contraction

Patient 2: Filling

B) Patient 1: Isovolumetric contraction

Patient 2: Ejection

C) Patient 1: Isovolumetric Relaxation

Patient 2: Ejection

D) Patient 1: Filling

Patient 2: Isovolumetric Contraction

E) Patient 1: Filling

Patient 2: Isovolumetric Relaxation