Question

Female reproductive system.

a. Name the female sex hormone(s)

b. Name the phases of the menstrual cycle and indicate the level of each hormone in (a) that is present during each.

c. What is one event or condition in a young woman’s life that can cause her menstrual cycle to pause for a few months? Describe why this occurs.

Answer 1

a)Female sex hormones-Estrogen and Progesterone.

b)Phases of Menustral Cycle-

1.Menustral Phase

2.Follicular Phase(Proliferative Phase)

3.Ovulation

4.Secretory phase(Luteal Phase)

Level of Hormones-

1.Menustral Phase-All 4 Hormones-Progesterone and Estrogen(Sex hormones) and FSH and LH(pituitary Hormones) are Low

2.Follicular(Proliferative Phase)-

*High Estrogen Levels(Estrogen levels rise during the mid-follicular phase and then drop after ovulation).

*Progesterone-Low

*FSH and LH -Low,But start to rise at the ends of Follicular Phase.

3.Ovulation-

*LH & FSH -Peak(High),LH higher than FSH

*Estrogen level Starts Falling.

*Progestrone level -Low

4.Secretory Phase-

*Progesterone-Very High

*Estrogen also rises ,But less than Progesterone

*FSH and LH-Low

c)condition in a young woman’s life that can cause her menstrual cycle to pause for a few months-Pregnancy.

this Happens Because,After ovulation in secretory Phase the Corpus Luteum (formed from Ruptured Ovarian Follicles) secreates progesterone,Whose main function is to maintain the integrity of Endometrium to make it Suitable for implantation.

But in the absence of Fertilization,Corpus Luteum degenerates,Which result in decline in the level of Progesterone, Which causes Loos of Integrity of Endometrium----Endometrial Shedding Occur(Endometrial Bleedin/Menustration occur)

But If fertilization occur (Lady become Pregnant)--Corpus Luteum is Not degenerated,it continues to secreate progesterone,Which maintains endometrium and make it suitable for implantation.That is there is no endometrial Shedding(Bleeding/Menustration) for few months.