1. Tachyarrhythmias are commonly caused by the reentry phenomenon (one-way block). TRUE or FALSE

2. Cholelithiasis may result from the precipitation of uric acid in the gall bladder. TRUE or FALSE

3. Which of the following is NOT a major cause of jaundice?
A) obstruction of bile flow in the canaliculi of the hepatic lobules or in the intra or extra-hepatic bile ducts
B) decreased conjugation of bilirubin
C) excessive destruction of white blood cells
D) impaired uptake of bilirubin by liver cells

4. Angina due to walking up a flight of stairs is probably due to which of the following?
A) unstable angina
B) variant angina
C) silent angina
D) classic angina

5. In high blood pressure myocardial perfusion decreases due to which of the following?
A) a decrease in wall tension due to increase in chamber pressure
B) increase in wall tension due to decreased radius
C) increase in wall tension due to increased radius
D) increase in wall tension due to increase in chamber pressure

A potential donor is questioned regarding her previous medical history, and she states that she has been living in a malarial endemic area for one year doing Peace Corps activities. She just returned last week.

1. Is this person eligible as a blood donor?

2. If not, how long must she wait?

EXERCISE 13.2

A potential donor has the following results on a physical examination:

She states she has had aspirin for a headache that day and received hepatitis B immune globulin for a needle stick 3 months ago.

1. Is she eligible as a blood donor?

2. Is there a deferral time?

EXERCISE 13.3

A 15-year-old girl would like to donate blood for her relative. She weighs 108 lb. Her temperature and hemoglobin are within acceptable limits.

1. Is she an eligible directed donor?

2. If she were donating for herself for a planned surgery, could she donate?

3. What are some of the issues surrounding directed donations?

EXERCISE 13.4

An 18-year-old student donated for the first time at a blood drive at his high school.

1. Concerned that he may have contracted HIV before the donation, what instructions should he follow to prevent his unit from being transfused?

2. Why are questions regarding HIV important even when tests are performed to detect the virus?

EXERCISE 14.5

Previous testing on a donor’s computer record indicates CMV antibody–negative. The most recent donation demonstrates that antibodies are currently present.

1. Can the donor still donate?

2. Why has the CMV antibody test result changed?

3. What patients require the transfusion of CMV-reduced-risk blood products?

4. What alternatives exist in the provision of CMV antibody–negative blood?

1. Which of the following is NOT true about the hand?

   		The lateral digit is the thumb.
   		There are 3 phalanges on all 5 digits
   		When you move your fingers, you are moving your phalanges.
   		The number of phalanges on one hand is 14
   		The proximal row of phalanges articulate with the metacarpals.

1. The greater and lesser tubercles are projections seen on the _____.

   		ulna
   		humerus
   		radius
   		scapula

The program will include exercises, sets, repetitions, rest periods, and tempo. You also need to list flexibility, warm-up and cool-down exercises.

*You must answer the following question and fill out the charts provided.

1. What are your fitness needs (i.e. strength training goals for the two weeks)? Your answer to this question does not have to be long but it must provide us with a rationale for your training plan.

Every day of the week is listed but this does not mean you have to train every day in the two weeks, rest periods are important as well. It is more for scheduling purposes. The information included in the table should coincide with question 1 (your needs).

describe the path of food through the digestive system and explain each organs role in the digestive process? what are some factors that influence digestion?

The G protein
Converts ATP into CAMP
Activates adenylate cyclase
Activates kinases
Moves into the nucleus

Which of the following is considered the 1st messenger?
CAMP
the receptor
The Hormone
The G protein

Water soluble hormones
Do not need a transport protein
Do need a transport protein
Can pass into the nucleus
Can pass through the plasma membrane

Glucagon is released when
Only when lipolysis occurs
When blood levels increase and decrease
Blood glucose levels
increase
Blood glucose levels decrease

Beta cells produce/release
Glucagon
Kinases
Glycogen
Insulin

During humoral stimulation the stimulus for the release of a hormone is
The binding of a lipid soluble hormone to its receptor on the inside of a cell
The binding of another hormone to its receptor
An action potential
The changing level of a nutrient

Which is not a hormone released by the hypothalamus?
Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
Thyrotropin-inhibiting hormone
Growth hormone -inhibiting hormone (GHIH)
Prolactin-inhibiting hormone (PIH)

Which is not released by the anterior pituitary gland?
Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone Corticotropin-releasing hormone Prolactin-releasing hormone

Insulin stimulates the liver to
Increase glycogenolysis
decrease glycogenesis
Increase cellular uptake of glucose from the bloodstream
Increase gluconeogenesis
None of the above

Increased levels of a hormone
Up regulation
No change
Down regulation

1. What effect does angiotensin II of RAAS have on blood volume and pressure and how does it achieve this?

2. What is antidiuretic hormone (ADH)? What effect does it have on blood volume and pressure, and what stimulates its secretion and what are its actions?

3. What effect would the change in MAP due to heart failure have on RAAS and ADH? How and why?

4. What effect would activation of angiotensin II and ADH have on blood flow to the heart and pressure in the heart chambers?

oxytocin
increases the muscle contraction in the uterus
promotes lipolysis
increases urine output
inhibits the contraction of the uterus

which of the following organs is affected by the thyroid hormone?
brain
spleen
testes
liver

which of the following is true of glugoneogenesis?
it uses carbohydrates to form glucose
it increases glucose levels
it breaks down glucose into lipids
it is the conversion of glucose to amino acids
B and C

which of the following is not a category of endocrine gland stimulation?
enzyme
humoral
hormonal
neural (nervous system stimulation?

growth hormone
promotes the release of IGF (insulin-like growth factors)
secretion results in a decreased muscle mass (size)
stimulates the release of GHRH
is released by the hypothalamus

the release of thyroid hormone
leads to a decrease in oxygen levels
leads to a decrease in the breathing rate
leads to a decrease in heart rate
leads to an increase in glycogenesis

which is a true statement?
thyrotropin-releasing hormone stimulates the release of oxytocin
thyrotropin-releasing hormone inhibits the release of oxytocin
thyrotropin-releasing hormone stimulates the release of thyroid hormone
thyrotropin-releasing hormone stimulates the release of thyroid stimulating hormone

lipid soluble hormones
never cross the plasma membrane
cross the nuclear envelope (nucleus)
travel in the bloodstream using no transport protein
are not soluble in fats

the receptor hormone complex
only uses water soluble hormones
never uses lipid soluble or water soluble hormones
only uses lipid soluble hormones
can use both water soluble hormones and lipid soluble hormones

1. What is mean arterial pressure (MAP) and why is it important?

2. Identify three factors that maintain MAP.

3. What role does the heart play in regulating MAP?

4. What role does peripheral resistance play in maintaining MAP?

5. What effect would acute heart failure have on MAP?

The resting membrane of a cell is mostly due to:

Why do sensory systems not relay the environment objectively?

The above statement is true for the olfactory system as well. Please describe how "reality is distorted" in this system.

How is the ability to store glucose as glycogen related to the general principle of physiology that physiological processes require the transfer and balance of matter and energy?

Q1/Resting membrane potential in the neuron is -70 how could they calculate it?

Q2/what is the different between resting potential equilibrium potential for k+(potassium)?

1. An asystole arrhythmia is treated with BLANK to cause vasoconstriction and increase the flow of blood to the heart and brain.

A beta-blockers

B.epinephrine

C.atropin.

2.

Rick Davis, a 50-year-old white man, was brought to the Emergency Department by ambulance. Davis was alert and coherent and was asked a series of questions. The patient said he had been outside playing basketball with his two sons when he felt “funny.” Elaborating, the patient said he became light-headed and short of breath. He also mentioned that he became nauseated and felt pressure in his chest. His sons panicked and called 911 for help.

Based on the signs and symptoms, the condition the physician states is likely to have occurred is

A.congestive heart disease

B.myocardial infarction

C.valvular heart disease

3.

Rick Davis, a 50-year-old white man, was brought to the Emergency Department by ambulance. Davis was alert and coherent and was asked a series of questions. The patient said he had been outside playing basketball with his two sons when he felt “funny.†Elaborating, the patient said he became light-headed and short of breath. He also mentioned that he became nauseated and felt pressure in his chest. His sons panicked and called 911 for help. Various tests are performed to determine whether the man had a heart attack. One way to find out for sure is a blood test that looks for certain enzymes that are released when a myocardial infarction has occurred. BLANK is one of those enzymes.

A.troponin

B.high-density lipoprotein

C.triglycerides

4.Coumadin belongs to the BLANK class.

A.beta blockers

B.thrombolytics

C.blood thinners

5.An 81-year-old woman named Phyllis has gone to her primary care physician for a regular checkup. Before her appointment was over, the physician reviewed her current medications with her and asked if she had any questions about them.

Phyllis asked the doctor why she is taking Inderal.

6.

An 81-year-old woman named Phyllis has gone to her primary care physician for a regular checkup. Before her appointment was over, the physician reviewed her current medications with her and asked if she had any questions about them. Phyllis then asked which of her drugs is a cholesterol medicine (statin)?

7.

A 68-year-old woman arrives at her physician's office with the following signs and symptoms:

• Pale coloration of the right leg
• Muscle cramps and pain in the right leg
• Intermittent claudication
• The right foot has a cooler temperature to the touch when compared to other limbs
• Poor nail growth on the right foot

To help determine if the patient has peripheral artery disease, an angiography can be performed.

8.

A 68-year-old woman arrives at her physician's office with the following signs and symptoms:Pale coloration of the right legMuscle cramps and pain in the right legIntermittent claudicationThe right foot has a cooler temperature to the touch when compared to other limbsPoor nail growth on the right foot After the completion of various diagnostic tests, the physician was confident in her diagnosis of peripheral artery disease. Now the patient can be treated appropriately.Which of the following drugs can be given for a vasodilator effect that both improves circulation and decreases platelets from sticking together?

9.

Which group of drugs can be used for patients with PAD to help decrease their cholesterol?