Additional Critical Thinking Questions

1. You are the captain of a miniature submarine that is being sent on a voyage through the body. Your assignment is to plot the course taken by molecules of oxygen from the atmosphere to the heart and the reverse course taken by molecules of carbon dioxide from the heart to the atmosphere. Diagram and explain how you would organize the course.

2. A five-year-old child threatens to hold his breath until he dies if his mother does not buy him an ice cream cone. Would you advise the mother to let the child hold his breath or to give in to his demand? Your advice should be based only on any possible physiological damage to the child.

3. You have been asked to assist an 80-year-old resident of a nursing home who is hyperventilating. You want to be sure she does not faint and lose consciousness. What are you going to do to help this individual?

4. A tracheotomy is an operation to make an opening in the trachea if there is an upper respiratory obstruction of airflow. Explain how ventilation is possible via this opening and why you don’t need to use your nose or mouth to bring air into your lungs.

5. Asthma is an obstructive disease characterized by inflamed airways that lead to decreased diameter of the airways. Based on your knowledge of airway resistance and mechanics of breathing explain the effect of asthma on inspiration and expiration. Which of these, expiration or inspiration, will be more greatly affected by this disease?

Chapter 28: The Reproductive Systems and Development

Critical Thinking Questions

1. Assume that a 30-year-old male is able to produce sufficient spermatozoa, but because of an obstruction in his duct system, the spermatozoa cannot be discharged through the urethra. If each duct in the system had to be examined to locate the obstruction, explain the sequence in which the ducts would have to be examined, starting with the urethra and termination in the seminiferous tubules.

2. Make a flowchart explaining the hormonal relationships that exist among the pituitary gland, ovarian cycle, and uterine (menstrual) cycle.

3. Jan has a history of miscarriage in the first trimester. Her physician thinks that her problem might be hormonal. What hormones could be implicated in failing to maintain the pregnancy during the first trimester?

4. Doris wants to have her child born on a particular day. She asks her physician if he can induce labor on that day. Is this procedure possible? If so, what will the physician have to do? Are there any negative consequences to having labor induced?

5. Based on your knowledge of the reproductive system, describe some possible methods of birth control that would impair ovulation, fertilization or implantation.

) The ileac blade provides attachment areas for the Gluteus medius and Gluteus minimus muscles.  They “originate” here; they “insert” into the neck and lateral trochanter of the femur, and when they contract, they pull in more or less a straight line between their origin and their insertion (the origins and insertions are marked on the cast of a full human skeleton; you can also see them on the figures in the study guide).  Look again at the shape and orientation of the ileac blade, and also look at the chimpanzee skeleton and that of a human and compare how the ileum is oriented with respect to the spinal column.  In which is it along/parallel to the spinal column?  What is its relative placement and orientation in the other?  In which direction would these muscles pull a chimpanzee’s leg when they contract?  What motion do you think they cause when they contract in humans?

1. what are two features of the female pelvis assist in the baby's passage during childbirth?

2. What are some secondary sexual characteristics in human males? Describe at least three.

3.

Case Study: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) and Fertility

1) What are some symptoms of PCOS?

2) The exact cause of PCOS is still unknown. What are some suspected causes, and how do they relate to some of the symptoms?

3) PCOS is the leading cause of infertility in women. At which stage is follicle development stopped? What are some treatment plans that may help a woman with PCOS who wishes to conceive?

1) How are symptoms of heart disease detected and why?

2) List and describe three common heart diseases, and describe their signs and symptoms.

3) List the types of tools used to diagnosis heart disease.

4) List the different techniques used to diagnose heart disease, and describe how each technique works.

5) Define the principles of pedigree analysis and describe how it is used to diagnose heart disease.

Y is a woman in her early 30's and is being treated for cervicitis and cervical neoplasia, which have no known cause. Y is seeing Dr. T, who has recently tested her for bacterial and viral agents that may be contributing to her disease. She also recently had a colposcopy and cervical biopsy. Dr. T is recommending a treatment called cervical cryosurgery, as all of the other tests suggest no infectious cause and no cervical cancer. Cervical cryosurgery involves removing the superficial layers of the cervix to try and eliminate precancerous cells. Unfortunately, after the surgery, Y's cervical issues return. This leads Dr. T to suggest undergoing another procedure known as cervical conization, removing a chunk of tissue from the endocervix, to send out for biopsy to determine if all precancerous cells have been removed. A risk of this procedure is becoming unable to bear children. If Y wants to have kids, Dr. T suggests immediately trying to conceive, and have the surgery right after pregnancy to reduce the risks.

1. What is the anatomical relationship between the cervix and uterus?

2. What are the current statistics on the frequency of cervical cancer in women? Does race contribute to the development of cervical cancer? How is cervical cancer normally detected/tested for?

3. Cervical cancer is most commonly associated with the human papillomavirus (HPV). Discuss the transmission, contraction, and consequences of HPV infection.

paragraph explanation please

what is the element controlled by the hormones of the thyroid glands and the parathyroid gland

Complete this concept map to examine various aspects of Streptococcus pyogenes infection. Use the pop-up hints to help you place the terms correctly.

Homeostasis of the spinal cord : Discuss how the organ responds to maintain homeostasis in the body. Prediction: Predict the types of problems that would occur in this organ if it could not maintain homeostasis.

The spinal cord Functions: This is to describe the physiology. Do not discuss any anatomical description.

The Spinal Cord

Anatomical location: Use directional terms to describe the location such as superior to, inferior to, anterior, etc.

Anatomical description: Include only the anatomical description; do not include any function or microscopic description.

Types of cells and tissues present in the organ: Just include a microscopic description; do not include anything else.

1. Following each afferent pathways that begin with gustatory receptors, nociceptors, auditory hair cells, and retinal cones, what area of the brain immediately precedes primary cortex? Specify the area for each of these sensory systems.

• Relate to the knowledge, skills and experiences of Lifestyle Medicine professionals.
• Gain exposure to other members of the Lifestyle Medicine interdisciplinary team
• Examine how to work together for the betterment of our communities
• Develop a personal Lifestyle Medicine toolbox
• Practically apply the Lifestyle Medicine pillars

What will you be able to take away from these mentorship sessions?

1.How to adapt to a changing world and profession

2. Ways to start conversations in the topics you are interested in

3. Build a mindset for integrating lifestyle medicine wherever you go

write 4-5 sentences about each about how

Training can be tough. Finding rewarding activities in life can really help keep us well! A great way to help others and share your passion for lifestyle medicine is to get involved out in the community. Maybe it's public speaking, a plant-based food event, holding Walk with a Doc events - there are a lot of ways to educate the public, and have fun doing it.

Compare and contrast the molecular and cellular activities of Insulin and Glucagon on different tissues (adipose, skeletal muscle – resting & active, liver, pancreas) during fed and fasting metabolisms. [Include stimuli for secretion, source tissues, target cells, and cellular mechanisms of action.]

List the partial pressure of CO₂ at each stage from the atmosphere, to the lungs, to the blood leaving the pulmonary capillaries, to the blood entering the systemic capillaries, to the blood leaving the systemic capillaries, and finally back up to the blood entering the pulmonary capillaries. Describe at each stage why the partial pressure increases, decreases, or remains the same.