summarizes you understanding of the organization of the body from the simplest elements to the More complex

Explain why the neocortex is not able to function as an index by following the indexing theory, give 3 reasons (hint: hippocampus indexing theory is a better fit)

If NMDA receptors get knocked out of the hippocampus area, what will be the impact on both pattern completion and pattern separation according to the index theory?

Urea is one of our metabolic wastes and it’s small enough to get pushed under pressure through the glomerulus and get filtered and then excreted in the urine. Describe where and how urea gets into our blood in the first place (before getting into the kidneys).

Damage to the Supplementary Motor Area can impair a patient’s capacity for volitional movement.

a) Describe the conditions necessary to elicit evidence of such impairment?

b) What conditions typically do NOT impair voluntary movements in the same patient?

If a man had high levels of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, what might be the explanation?

A. he is missing his posterior pituitary gland

B. he will be releasing little FSH and LH into circulation as a result

C. he may be using an anabolic steroid drug

D. he may have recently undergone testes removal (castration)

Write 600 words about the jejunum, mention the 4 main layers that make up the tubular part of the GIT and highlight some of the key histological features that contribute to the function of the jejunum.

1. ist the 5 special senses and describe the difference between a special and a general sense receptor.
2. Remember, list and describe the functions of the Integumentary and muscle receptors.
3. Describe the locations, structures and functions of eyelids and associated accessory structures.
4. Describe the location, action and CN innervation of the extrinsic eye muscles. (Refer back to Chapter 11)
5. Describe the layers of the eyeball.
6. List the chambers of the eye and describe the fluids each contains.
7. Trace the path of light through the eye to the retina.
8. Describe the location, composition, and function of the lens.
9. Compare how rods and cones are connected to other retinal neurons.
10. Describe the events that convert light into a neural signal.
11. Describe the visual pathways to the brain.
12. Describe the location and structure of olfactory receptors.
13. Describe the location and structure of taste receptors.
14. Describe the pathway from gustatory receptors to the brain.
15. Describe how the sense of smell influences gustation.
16. Describe the structure and general functions of the outer, middle & inner ear.
17. Describe the location and functions of the cochlear apparatuses.
18. Describe how different areas of the vestibular membrane resonate in response to different frequencies of sound.
19. Describe how the Organ of Corti converts resonance of vestibular membrane to a neronal signal.
20. Describe pathway and processing of auditory impulses.
21. Describe how properties of sound are perceived by the brain.
22. Define “Equilibrium”, and list and describe the locations of the structures associated with the sense of equilibrium.
23. Identify the structures of maculae and describe their functions.
24. Describe the structure and function of cristae ampullares and semicircular canals.

22. Choose the correct sequence of action potential conduction along the conductive tissues of the heart:

       a. SA node → AV node → Bundle of His → Purkinje fibers → Bundle branches

       b. SA node → AV node → Bundle of His → Bundle branches → Purkinje fibers

       c. SA node → AV node → Bundle branches → Bundle of His → Purkinje fibers

       d. SA node → AV node → Purkinje fibers → Bundle of His → Bundle branches

       e. AV node → SA node → Bundle of His → Bundle branches → Purkinje fibers

At what point along the vascular path (artery, arteriole, capillaries, venule, vein) is lymph most likely to collect and why?