What muscles connect the pelvis and perineum?

TRUE OR FALSE

1. Immediately under the capsule is the cortex of the kidney.(2)

2. Each renal pyramid terminates as a renal papilla, which projects into a major calyx.(2)

3. The basic functioning unit of the kidney is the nephron.(2)

4. The more solids in solution, the lower the specific gravity.(2)

5. The detection of glucose in urine is usually performed with Benedict’s reagent.(2)

6. The largest gland, which lies under the skin of the cheek in front of the ear is the parotid gland.(2)

7. The uterus is a pear-shaped, thick-walled, hollow organ that consists of a fundus, corpus, and cervix.(2)

8. The opening of the submandibular duct is located under the tongue near the lingual frenulum.(2)

____ cross the gap, or _____, between adjacent nerves to transmit signals. Select one: a. Muscles; space b. Neurotransmitters; synapse c. Neurotransmitters; syntax d. Pathogens; mucosal barrier

During a stroke, immediate treatment entails ______. Select one: a. decreasing saturated fat intake b. bypass surgery c. tricuspid value replacement d. restoring normal blood flow as quickly as possible

1. What role did the gastrointestinal system play in altering the osmolarity of the plasma for the varying beverage tonicities (hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic)? Compare and contrast the differences in gastric fluid osmolarity, plasma osmolarity, and plasma volume between the subjects ingesting a hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic beverage. Recall that the body maintains plasma osmolarity between 280mOsm and 300mOsm.

26. Place in order the true events of electrochemical signaling & muscular contraction, which occur at the neuromuscular junction.                       Note: not all letters are correct, read carefully.

33. First (             )                                             a. Neurotransmitter released across synapse

                                                                b. Ca binds to the thick filament of sarcomere

34. Second (    )                                             c. Release of neurotransmitters from post-synaptic cell

                                                                d. ACH received at post-synaptic receptors

35. Third (           )                                             e. Ca binds to the thin filament of sarcomere

32. Movement of the human eye is dependent upon the action of 6 extra-ocular muscles. Which of the following choices is NOT an extra-ocular muscle?
    1. External oblique                                                                               c. Lateral rectus
    2. Superior oblique                                                                               d. Inferior rectus

32. If a large muscle body crosses over the lateral aspect of a joint & attaches at lateral bony processes, the muscle most likely serves to perform what major motion?
    1. Adduction                                                                                           c. Flexion
    2. Abduction                                                                                           d. Extension

32. Which of the answer choice correctly identifies a key function of the muscles of the pelvic floor?
    1. Urination control                                                                              d. Support pelvic viscera
    2. Resist increase in intrabdominal pressure                             e. Allow support for sexual function
    3. All of the above (A, B, D, E)                                                           f. None of the above (A, B, D, E)

explain the relationship between torque and change in muscle length. Torque vs concentric, Torque vs isometric. Torque vs eccentric..

1. Describe the gland type underlying each tonsil.

Describe the adaptations to the skeletal muscle with long term aerobic exercise training and long-term resistance exercise training. Describe how they occur and how they contribute to improved performance (e.g. how does aerobic exercise training allow a person to offset fatigue).

Describe why and how cardiac output changes with changes in exercise intensity. This should include why and how overall blood flow rates through the systemic circuit change with changes in exercise intensity. This should also include how and why there is preferential blood flow to certain organ systems during exercise.

6. Now thinking about digestion, describe the relationship you see regarding why mechanisms exist to control the secretion of the various digestive juices (and, in some instances, their enzymatic composition) as compared to the amount of substrate that is in the digestive tract at a given time.

7. What consequences would the rate at which an enzyme works to convert a substrate to a product have in the digestive system?

Select the answer that correctly describes how Interferon beta 1a works to slow the progression of multiple sclerosis.

1 pt Interferon beta 1a acts directly on the neuron to attract more oligodendrocytes to produce more myelin.

Interferon beta 1a helps to regulate the immune system, preventing autoimmune attacks on the myelin.

Interferon beta 1a creates a protective sheath over the neuron, preventing the myelin sheath from being destroyed.

Interferon beta 1a stimulates Schwann cells to produce myelin in the central nervous system.

Interferon beta 1a is a neural stimulant, creating an environment where neurons can divide rapidly to replace those that are damaged.