Compare a new venture to an existing company and explain why existing companies can obtain bank funding and new ventures cannot. In replies to peers, review the criteria needed for financing and discuss how those needs differ based upon the business selected.

When would you want to use value-of-service pricing instead of cost-of-service pricing?

When would you like use negotiated pricing?

Inventory Control

You are the production manager of GVT Manufacturing, a company that manufactures a wide range of products, including fire extinguishers. Data shows that GVT is projected to manufacture 30,000 of these fire extinguishers next year. A production-year for GVT covers 300 days. Information on the product also reveals that each extinguisher requires one handle. Additional information gleaned from the production records shows the following: annual carrying cost per handle is US$1.50; production setup cost is US$150 and daily production rate is 300 handles. Required a) Calculate and state the optimal production order quantity that will minimise inventory costs. b) Calculate and state the corresponding inventory costs from the quantity calculated in (a).

1. Male whitetail deer produce antlers every year and then shed them after the breeding season. Discuss the trade-offs in this cycle.  

2. You Work with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta. You have been called to a remote area of Uganda to study a mysterious disease that is causing respiratory ailments in a small village. You isolated a bacterium from several patients that seems like a good candidate for the pathogen. How can you determine whether this bacterium is causing the illness?   

Pick any two questions (each question should be half a page)

10. Globalization seems to have brought benefits for almost everyone, though one exception is African farmers. Blocked from global food markets by trade restrictions, Africans cannot take part in the prosperity globalization has brought to the rest of the world. Many of the health crises such as AIDS, malnutrition, and even starvation are clearly linked to poverty. Moreover, many of Africa’s nations are politically unstable. If African farmers had better access to global markets, what would the implications be for African societies, nations, and economies?

11. Explain how our standard of living depends upon our level of real GDP per person but there might not be a one-to-one relationship between the standard of living and real GDP per person. Give examples of things that can effect one but not the other.

12. "If country A has a higher level of real GDP per person than country B, then people in Country A must enjoy a higher standard of living than people in Country B." Is this statement true or false and explain your answer.

13. Explain the relationship(s) between full employment, cyclical unemployment, the natural unemployment rate, and potential GDP.

14. For the past decade, the unemployment rate in Western Europe has been higher than the unemployment rate in the United States. Based on this fact, is the natural unemployment rate larger in Western Europe or in the United States? Why might the natural rates differ between the two areas?

15. In the late 1970s, the inflation rate was over 10 percent per year. Many home mortgage lending institutions had mortgages outstanding that had been made in the 1960s at nominal interest rates of around 5 percent per year. Many of these lending institutions failed; what can explain the high failure rate of lenders in the late 1970s?

16. CPI is not necessarily a reflection of how all consumers experience inflation. How does your personal market basket compare to that of the average American household? Given that college students may rely on more fixed incomes than most groups (financial aid), why do price trends pose more of a problem for this group?

17. Policymakers (especially the Federal Reserve) tend to focus more on core inflation when designing policies. Why core inflation is a useful measurement for the government or economists?

18. Classical growth theory is based on the work of Thomas Malthus, an economist from the early nineteenth century. Very few modern-day economists would refer to themselves as Malthusians. The persistence of this viewpoint represents what one can only refer to as the triumph of despair over experience. At some point in history, Malthusian theory might have been applicable. But certainly since the industrial revolution, parents have chosen to have fewer children. And this shift only gets stronger as economic growth advances. Is the assumption correct that the population growth rate is primarily determined by economic growth with a positive relationship?

19. Is there convergence or divergence in standards of living amongst nations?

20. What is the role of economic growth for economic inequality?

Robbins Inc. is considering a project that has the following cash flow and cost of capital (r) data. What is the project's NPV? Note that if a project's expected NPV is negative, it should be rejected.

Nichols Inc. is considering a project that has the following cash flow data. What is the project's IRR? Note that a project's IRR can be less than the cost of capital or negative, in both cases it will be rejected.

Westwood Painting Co. is considering a project that has the following cash flow and cost of capital (r) data. What is the project's MIRR? Note that a project's MIRR can be less than the cost of capital (and even negative), in which case it will be rejected.

Worthington Inc. is considering a project that has the following cash flow data. What is the project's payback?

Pick any two questions (each question should be half a page)

21. How is the Fed structured so the focus of their policies is on the long term health of the U.S. economy, not political gain (which tends to focus on shorter term goals due to election cycles) or personal gain?

22. Zimbabwe’s inflation rate in July 2009 was reported at 1 percent a month. Last year, Zimbabwe’s annual inflation rate was more than 231,000,000 percent, a kilo of tomatoes cost 61 billion Zimbabwe dollars. Compare inflation in Zimbabwe in 2009 with that in Germany in 1923. Why did Germany print money in 1923 and create hyperinflation? Why is Zimbabwe printing less money today?

23. Baby boomers will result in a massive increase in the Social Security and Medicare benefits that need to be paid. The government’s Social Security and Medicare obligations are a debt (estimated at $80 trillion) that must be considered when developing a path towards fiscal sustainability. What are the options for addressing the Social Security and Medicare time-bomb? 24. Explain why Australia and Canada have the smallest budget deficits as a percent of GDP.

25. What went wrong in Japan and the United Kingdom that resulted in large deficits?

26. Design specific fiscal policy you would recommend, given the current state of the economy. What are the demand and supply-side effects of the policies you are proposing? How long will it take for these policies to have their desired effects? What are the short and long-term effects of these policies?

27. What is financial stability, and what actions has the Fed since 2007 in pursuit of financial stability?

28. Compare and contrast the Fed’s monetary policy in the Great Depression and the 2008-2009 recession.

29.Examine China's decision to retain fixed foreign exchange rates.

Discuss the requirements for the tax year-end and accounting methods that may be required/adopted by Partnerships.

how to tell if an expenditure is being recorded as an asset or if it is being expensed immediately when looking at a balance sheet.

I. Post your answer to this question (minimum 250 words):

What psychological principles do you see at work in your day-to-day life? Give specific examples.

Pick any two questions (each question should be half a page)

1. The acceleration of economic growth in the last two decades has made economic decision-making more complex as multinational concerns must be taken into account. Explain.

2. The Information Revolution, an economic restructuring comparable to the Agricultural Revolution and the Industrial Revolution, has brought about new questions of social interest. Elaborate.

3. Climatologists agree that global warming is at least in part the result of economic activity. The warming may lead to large economic costs. How can individuals and nations satisfy their self-interested desire for goods and services while also protecting the social-interest of the environment?

4. Think about the trends in what and how goods and services are produced in the U.S. and global economies. Do you think that at some future time, there will be no jobs in the United States and all the jobs will be in developing economies?

5. Compare the scale of agricultural production in the advanced and developing economies.

6. China is currently the world’s second largest economy. It is predicted to surpass the U.S. to become the biggest economy in the not-too-distant future. How does this development influence the strategic balance and the position of the United States? 7. Analyze the U.S. real estate market.

8. During 2007, as oil and gas prices continued to increase, a growing number of Americans called for the United States to become less reliant on Middle-Eastern oil. Would it make sense for the United States to try to become totally self-reliant in the production of oil? Why or why not?

9. Because wage rates are so low in Africa, why don't Microsoft, Cisco and other major corporations close down their American operations and move to Africa?

Waymo is a division of Alphabet (Google’s parent company) that is developing the technology for driverless

cars. Waymo CEO John Krafcik is under pressure to offer a commercial driverless taxi service in the Phoenix

area as soon as Fall 2018. Analysis at web-site arstechnica.com suggests that Waymo has by far the most

advanced technology available for this type of service.

Is it likely that being first into this market will give them a large advantage? Is Waymo likely to earn

unusually high accounting profit for a long period of time? Discuss using concepts from this class.