Kubin Company’s relevant range of production is 20,000 to 23,000 units. When it produces and sells 21,500 units, its average costs per unit are as follows:

Required:

1. Assume the cost object is units of production:

a. What is the total direct manufacturing cost incurred to make 21,500 units?

b. What is the total indirect manufacturing cost incurred to make 21,500 units?

2. Assume the cost object is the Manufacturing Department and that its total output is 21,500 units.

a. How much total manufacturing cost is directly traceable to the Manufacturing Department?

b. How much total manufacturing cost is an indirect cost that cannot be easily traced to the Manufacturing Department?

3. Assume the cost object is the company’s various sales representatives. Furthermore, assume that the company spent $75,250 of its total fixed selling expense on advertising and the remainder of the total fixed selling expense comprised the fixed portion of the company's sales representatives’ compensation.

a. When the company sells 21,500 units, what is the total direct selling expense that can be readily traced to individual sales representatives?

b. When the company sells 21,500 units, what is the total indirect selling expense that cannot be readily traced to individual sales representatives?

This week we cover bond financing. Often times when large amount of funds are needed for a project or expansion, companies and governments seek financing to help pursue these projects. Define what a bond is and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of bond financing, such as those covered in your chapter. Consider discussing why a company might choose to issue a bond instead of stock, a form of equity financing.

Shamrock, Inc. issues a $550,000, 10%, 10-year mortgage note on December 31, 2017, to obtain financing for a new building. The terms provide for annual installment payments of $89,510.

Prepare the entry to record the mortgage loan on December 31, 2017, and the first installment payment on December 31, 2018.

Dr. Shikongo and Dr. Sauer were in a partnership and traded together for some time. On 01 July

2016 Dr. Sauer decided to withdraw from the partnership to start her own practice. Their

abridged statement of financial position as at 30 June 2016 was:

ASSETS N$ EQUITY & LIABILITIES N$

Property, Plant & Equipment (PPE) 152,500.00 Capital: Dr. Shikongo 76,200.00

Accumulated depreciation:PPE (20,000.00) Capital: Dr. Sauer 65,200.00

Vehicles 65,000.00 Current account: Dr. Shikongo 21,750.00

Accumulated depreciation:Vehicle (25,000.00) Current account: Dr. Sauer 27,250.00

Trade receivable 27,600.00 Loan: Deutche Bank 31,000.00

Allowance for bad debts (3,500.00) Trade payable 17,500.00

Cash 42,300.00

238,900.00 238,900.00

Transactions for July 2016:

1. Trade receivable who owed N$ 20, 050.00 settled their accounts in full.

2. The trades payable were settled in full.

3. A vehicle was sold for N$ 19, 500.00 with a carrying value of N$ 25, 000.00.

4. A vehicle was sold for N$ 15, 000.00 with a carrying value of N$ 6, 000.00.

5. The loan from Deutche Bank was repaid in full.

6. The equipment was disposed of for N$ 50, 000.00

7. Land and building was sold by public auction for N$ 70, 000.00

You are required to:

1. Do the journal entries to record Dr. Sauers’ withdrawal from the partnership. ( 12

Marks)

2. Prepare the following accounts to show the liquidation and dissolution of Dr. Shikongo

& Dr. Sauer Partnership:

a. Realisation account. ( 6 Marks)

b. Capital accounts of the partners (in a columnar form) in the general ledger. ( 8

Marks)

3. Mention and discuss three factors that may lead to the dissolution of a partnership. ( 6

Marks)

ASSETS N$ EQUITY & LIABILITIES N$

Property, Plant & Equipment (PPE) 152,500.00 Capital: Dr. Shikongo 76,200.00

Accumulated depreciation:PPE (20,000.00) Capital: Dr. Sauer 65,200.00

Vehicles 65,000.00 Current account: Dr. Shikongo 21,750.00

Accumulated depreciation:Vehicle (25,000.00) Current account: Dr. Sauer 27,250.00

Trade receivable 27,600.00 Loan: Deutche Bank 31,000.00

Allowance for bad debts (3,500.00) Trade payable 17,500.00

Cash 42,300.00

238,900.00 238,900.00

You are the president of Campus Sweaters, Inc. Campus Sweaters manufacturers wool pullover v-neck sweaters of various sizes and colors. You are preparing the budgets for the first quarter of 2016 (January, February, and March). You have the following historical and projected sales in units:

It takes ten skeins of yarn to make one sweater. Each skein costs $1.30. Past experience shows you need to have enough sweaters on-hand to fill the next month and one-half of sales (approximately forty-five days). Also, you need enough yarn to manufacture the next month’s production.

You will have 12,000 sweaters in finished inventory and 80,000 skeins of yarn in raw materials inventory as of December 31, 2015. You purchased $90,000 of yarn in December that must be paid for in January. The Company incurred $7,500 of overhead cost during December 2015, and $13,500 of selling expenses in the last half of December. These also must be paid in January. The company policy is to pay prior month's charges on account on the tenth day of the following month unless otherwise designated.

Income Statements

A worker, using a knitting machine, can make five sweaters in an hour. The cost of direct labor per hour, including fringe, is $20.00. You incurred $13,000 of direct labor cost between December 16 and December 31, 2015 which will be paid on January 7, 2016. The manufacturing overhead rate is $5.00 per direct labor hour. All sweaters are sold wholesale to retail outlets at $30.00 each.

Salaries and wages are paid as follows: The pay period from the first to the fifteenth of the month is paid on the twenty-second day of each month; the pay period from the sixteenth to the thirty-first is paid on the seventh day of the following month.

Rent is paid in advance on the first day of each month. Fifty percent of the selling expenses are paid in the month incurred, and fifty percent in the following month. All manufacturing overhead and administrative costs are paid on the tenth day of the following month.

The cash in the bank on December 31, 2015 was forecast at $30,000. There were no outstanding borrowings. The company has a $500,000 line of credit at 12% per annum at the Old Rusty Bucket State Bank of Oreana. All borrowings, and any subsequent repayments must be made on the fifteenth day of the month. All loan takedowns must be repaid by December 31, 2016. Repayments can be made when extra cash is available, but are due on the fifteenth day of any month. The company has the policy to have at least $25,000 in the bank account at the end of each month even if they have to borrow it. However, more may be required depending on cash needs during the first week of the following month.

20% of the sales are collected in the month of sale. Seventy percent are collected in the next month, and five percent are collected in the third month.

>Use the information above to complete the following activities:

Step 01: Prepare a production budget for Campus Sweaters, Inc. for each of the following months: January, February, March 2016.

Step 02: Prepare a raw materials budget for each month.

Step 03: Prepare a raw materials budget in dollars for each month.

Step 04: Prepare a cost of goods manufactured schedule for each month.

Step 05: Prepare a cash budget for each month.

Partial answers provided:

The following relates to the month of January

Required production in units: 12,000

Required purchases of raw material in units 105,000

Required purchases of raw material in dollars: $136,500

Total Cost of Goods Manufactured: $216,000

Cash inflows $261,000

Cash outflows $238,000

Describe the three main attributes of a close corporation

b. Give 5 advantages and 5 disadvantages of a close corporation

c. Describe the three statutory requirements with regard to the accounting records and

financial reporting of a close corporation

You have just been hired as a new management trainee by Earrings Unlimited, a distributor of earrings to various retail outlets located in shopping malls across the country. In the past, the company has done very little in the way of budgeting and at certain times of the year has experienced a shortage of cash. Since you are well trained in budgeting, you have decided to prepare comprehensive budgets for the upcoming second quarter in order to show management the benefits that can be gained from an integrated budgeting program. To this end, you have worked with accounting and other areas to gather the information assembled below. The company sells many styles of earrings, but all are sold for the same price—$11 per pair. Actual sales of earrings for the last three months and budgeted sales for the next six months follow (in pairs of earrings):

The concentration of sales before and during May is due to Mother’s Day. Sufficient inventory should be on hand at the end of each month to supply 40% of the earrings sold in the following month. Suppliers are paid $4.10 for a pair of earrings. One-half of a month’s purchases is paid for in the month of purchase; the other half is paid for in the following month.. The company has found, however, that only 20% of a month’s sales are collected in the month of sale. An additional 70% is collected in the following month, and the remaining 10% is collected in the second month following sale. Bad debts have been negligible.     Monthly operating expenses for the company are given below:

Insurance is paid on an annual basis, in November of each year.    The company plans to purchase $16,500 in new equipment during May and $41,000 in new equipment during June; both purchases will be for cash. The company declares dividends of $15,750 each quarter, payable in the first month of the following quarter.  A listing of the company’s ledger accounts as of March 31 is given below:

The company maintains a minimum cash balance of $51,000. All borrowing is done at the beginning of a month; any repayments are made at the end of a month. The company has an agreement with a bank that allows the company to borrow in increments of $1,000 at the beginning of each month. The interest rate on these loans is 1% per month and for simplicity we will assume that interest is not compounded. At the end of the quarter, the company would pay the bank all of the accumulated interest on the loan and as much of the loan as possible (in increments of $1,000), while still retaining at least $51,000 in cash.

b. A schedule of expected cash collections, by month and in total.

c. A merchandise purchases budget in units and in dollars. Show the budget by month and in total. (Round unit cost of purchases to 1 decimal place.)

d. A schedule of expected cash disbursements for merchandise purchases, by month and in total.

2. A cash budget. Show the budget by month and in total. Determining any borrowing that would be needed to maintain the minimum cash balance of $51,000

3. A budgeted income statement for the three-month period ending June 30. Use the contribution approach.

4. A budgeted balance sheet as of June 30.

Variable Costing, Absorption Costing

During its first year of operations, Snobegon, Inc. (located in Lake Snobegon, Minnesota), produced 40,500 plastic snow scoops. Snow scoops are oversized shovel-type scoops that are used to push snow away. Unit sales were 39,000 scoops. Fixed overhead was applied at $0.70 per unit produced. Fixed overhead was underapplied by $2,800. This fixed overhead variance was closed to Cost of Goods Sold. There was no variable overhead variance. The results of the year’s operations are as follows (on an absorption-costing basis):

Required:

1. Calculate the cost of the firm’s ending inventory under absorption costing. Round unit cost to five decimal places. Round your final answer to the nearest dollar.
$ ????

Feedback

What is the cost of the ending inventory under variable costing? Round unit cost to five decimal places. Round your final answer to the nearest dollar.
$ ????

Feedback

2. Prepare a variable-costing income statement. Round the unit cost to five decimal places, when required. Round your final answers to the nearest dollar. Use the rounded values in subsequent computations.

Feedback

Use a contribution margin format income statement that groups costs according to behavior (variable and fixed)

What is the difference between the two income figures?
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ACCOUNTS DEBIT £ CREDIT £ Cash in hand 3,400 Bank Balance 18,660 Stock 1st Jan 2016 46,000 Purchase 150,200 purchase returns 600 Freehold premises 38,600 Incidental trade expenses 840 Insurance 1,640 Audit fees 280 Commission received 3,300 Bank overdraft 4,000 Interest on Bank Overdraft 200 Trade Debtors 36,000 Trade Creditors 34,670 Wages 25,000 Salaries 14,000 Capital 114,000 Drawings 5,000 Income tax 1,600 Investments 4,000 Discount allowed 6,300 Discount received 4600 Sales return 550 sales 201350 Bills receivable 3,200 Office furniture 3,050 Rent 4,000 362,520 362,520 Adjustments: a) Stock at 31 December 2017 is £ 52,000 b) Write off 5% depreciation on freehold premises and 10% on office furniture c) Unpaid wages are £ 4,200 d) Insurance to the extent of £ 200 relates to the year 2017 – 2018 e) Charge interest on capital @ 5% and 300 on drawings. f) Rent is payable at the rate of £ 400 per month. Required: 1) Prepare Trading & Profit and Loss account for the year ended 31 December 2017 2) Prepare Balance Sheet as on 31 December 2017

Investment Outlay

Talbot Industries is considering launching a new product. The new manufacturing equipment will cost $19 million, and production and sales will require an initial $4 million investment in net operating working capital. The company's tax rate is 30%.

1. What is the initial investment outlay? Write out your answer completely. For example, 2 million should be entered as 2,000,000.
   $   
   
2. The company spent and expensed $150,000 on research related to the project last year. Would this change your answer?
   -Select-Yes No Item 2
   
3. Rather than build a new manufacturing facility, the company plans to install the equipment in a building it owns but is not now using. The building could be sold for $1.5 million after taxes and real estate commissions. How would this affect your answer?
   The project's cost will -Select-increase decreasenot changeItem 3.

Lavage Rapide is a Canadian company that owns and operates a large automatic car wash facility near Montreal. The following table provides data concerning the company’s costs:

For example, electricity costs are $1,300 per month plus $0.09 per car washed. The company expects to wash 8,200 cars in August and to collect an average of $6.40 per car washed.

Required:

Calculate the company's revenue and spending variances for August. (Indicate the effect of each variance by selecting "F" for favorable, "U" for unfavorable, and "None" for no effect (i.e., zero variance). Input all amounts as positive values.)

Incentive Structure (25 pt)

On 1/1/2019, Firm XYZ signs a debt contract. According to the debt contract, Firm XYZ raises $100,000 from an investor and promises to pay the investor $100,000 on 1/1/2020 (i.e., the interest rate is zero). On 1/2/2019, Firm XYZ finds that there are two investment opportunities, and each project costs the firm $100,000:

Project 1: $400,000 with probability 0.4 and $0 with probability 0.6

Project 2: $200,000 with probability 1.

i) Which project exhibits a higher NPV? (4 pt)

ii) Which project does the firm prefer? (7 pt) Firm prefers project 1 because

iii) How about debtholders? (7 pt) Debtholders would prefer project 2 because

iv) Suppose that, on 1/1/2019, the investor knows that the firm will choose a project between project 1 and 2. Would the investor choose to sign the debt contract? (7 pt)

During Heaton Company’s first two years of operations, it reported absorption costing net operating income as follows:

* $3 per unit variable; $254,000 fixed each year.

The company’s $39 unit product cost is computed as follows:

Forty percent of fixed manufacturing overhead consists of wages and salaries; the remainder consists of depreciation charges on production equipment and buildings.

Production and cost data for the first two years of operations are:

Required:

1. Using variable costing, what is the unit product cost for both years?

2. What is the variable costing net operating income in Year 1 and in Year 2?

3. Reconcile the absorption costing and the variable costing net operating income figures for each year.

i need a research paper talk about how important for the accounting student to study Computrized Accounting Course OR the importance of Compurtized Accounting course .

Please provide the link of the research paper, i would write the wording in my own i just need a help thank you for the help..