During Heaton Company’s first two years of operations, it reported absorption costing net operating income as follows:

* $3 per unit variable; $254,000 fixed each year.

The company’s $39 unit product cost is computed as follows:

Forty percent of fixed manufacturing overhead consists of wages and salaries; the remainder consists of depreciation charges on production equipment and buildings.

Production and cost data for the first two years of operations are:

Required:

1. Using variable costing, what is the unit product cost for both years?

2. What is the variable costing net operating income in Year 1 and in Year 2?

3. Reconcile the absorption costing and the variable costing net operating income figures for each year.

On November 1, 2017, Larkspur, Inc. had the following account balances. The company uses the perpetual inventory method. Debit Credit Cash $10,980 Accumulated Depreciation—Equipment $1,220 Accounts Receivable 2,733 Accounts Payable 4,148 Supplies 1,049 Unearned Service Revenue 4,880 Equipment 30,500 Salaries and Wages Payable 2,074 $45,262 Common Stock 24,400 Retained Earnings 8,540 $45,262 During November, the following summary transactions were completed. Nov. 8 Paid $4,331 for salaries due employees, of which $2,257 is for November and $2,074 is for October. 10 Received $2,318 cash from customers in payment of account. 11 Purchased merchandise on account from Dimas Discount Supply for $9,760, terms 2/10, n/30. 12 Sold merchandise on account for $6,710, terms 2/10, n/30. The cost of the merchandise sold was $4,880. 15 Received credit from Dimas Discount Supply for merchandise returned $366. 19 Received collections in full, less discounts, from customers billed on sales of $6,710 on November 12. 20 Paid Dimas Discount Supply in full, less discount. 22 Received $2,806 cash for services performed in November. 25 Purchased equipment on account $6,100. 27 Purchased supplies on account $2,074. 28 Paid creditors $3,660 of accounts payable due. 29 Paid November rent $458. 29 Paid salaries $1,586. 29 Performed services on account and billed customers $854 for those services. 29 Received $824 from customers for services to be performed in the future.

Prepare a multiple-step income statement for November.

A new van costs $25,000, has an estimated useful life of five years and an estimated salvage value of $5,000 at the end of that time. It is expected that the van will be driven 100,000 miles during its useful or service life.

The Nation Express Company purchases this van on April 1, 2019. During 2019 the van is driven 13,000 miles and during 2020 it was driven 21,000 miles. On January 1, 2021, the van is sold for $7,000.

Calculate the depreciation expense for 2019 and 2020 using:

1. Straight-line

2. Double-declining-balance

3. Units-of-production

Polaski Company manufactures and sells a single product called a Ret. Operating at capacity, the company can produce and sell 50,000 Rets per year. Costs associated with this level of production and sales are given below:

The Rets normally sell for $51 each. Fixed manufacturing overhead is $350,000 per year within the range of 45,000 through 50,000 Rets per year.

Required:

1. Assume that due to a recession, Polaski Company expects to sell only 45,000 Rets through regular channels next year. A large retail chain has offered to purchase 5,000 Rets if Polaski is willing to accept a 16% discount off the regular price. There would be no sales commissions on this order; thus, variable selling expenses would be slashed by 75%. However, Polaski Company would have to purchase a special machine to engrave the retail chain’s name on the 5,000 units. This machine would cost $10,000. Polaski Company has no assurance that the retail chain will purchase additional units in the future. What is the financial advantage (disadvantage) of accepting the special order? (Round your intermediate calculations to 2 decimal places.)

2. Refer to the original data. Assume again that Polaski Company expects to sell only 45,000 Rets through regular channels next year. The U.S. Army would like to make a one-time-only purchase of 5,000 Rets. The Army would pay a fixed fee of $1.20 per Ret, and it would reimburse Polaski Company for all costs of production (variable and fixed) associated with the units. Because the army would pick up the Rets with its own trucks, there would be no variable selling expenses associated with this order. What is the financial advantage (disadvantage) of accepting the U.S. Army's special order?

3. Assume the same situation as described in (2) above, except that the company expects to sell 50,000 Rets through regular channels next year. Thus, accepting the U.S. Army’s order would require giving up regular sales of 5,000 Rets. Given this new information, what is the financial advantage (disadvantage) of accepting the U.S. Army's special order?

The Walton Toy Company manufactures a line of dolls and a sewing kit. Demand for the company’s products is increasing, and management requests assistance from you in determining an economical sales and production mix for the coming year. The company has provided the following data:

The following additional information is available:  

1. The company’s plant has a capacity of 110,050 direct labor-hours per year on a single-shift basis. The company’s present employees and equipment can produce all five products.

2. The direct labor rate of $10 per hour is expected to remain unchanged during the coming year.

3. Fixed manufacturing costs total $570,000 per year. Variable overhead costs are $4 per direct labor-hour.

4. All of the company’s nonmanufacturing costs are fixed.

5. The company’s finished goods inventory is negligible and can be ignored.

1. 20-03 20=07

2. Equivalent Units of Production

   The following information concerns production in the Baking Department for March. All direct materials are placed in process at the beginning of production.

   ACCOUNT Work in Process—Baking Department							ACCOUNT NO.
   Date		Item	Debit		Credit		Balance
   							Debit		Credit
   March	1	Bal., 6,900 units, 2/5 completed					26,220
   	31	Direct materials, 124,200 units	235,980				262,200
   	31	Direct labor	64,140				326,340
   	31	Factory overhead	36,084				362,424
   	31	Goods finished, 126,000 units			351,102		11,322
   	31	Bal. ? units, 2/5 completed					11,322

   a. Determine the number of units in work in process inventory at March 31.
   units

   b. Determine the equivalent units of production for direct materials and conversion costs in March. If an amount is zero, enter in "0".

   Baking Department
   Equivalent Units of Production for Direct Materials and Conversion Costs
   For March
   	Whole Units	Direct Materials Equivalent Units	Conversion Equivalent Units
   Inventory in process, March 1
   Started and completed in March
   Transferred to finished goods in March
   Inventory in process, March 31
   Total

1. On January 1, 2017, Park Rapids Lumber Company issued $80 million in 20-year, 10.5% bonds payable. Interest is payable semiannually on June 30 and December 31.

1. Record the journal entry when the bonds were issued on January 1, 2017 when the market rate was 10%, and record the payment of bond interest on June 30^th and December 31^st for 2017 and 2018.

      b.    Compute the net bond liability at December 31, 2018.

            c. On January 1, 2019 the bonds were repurchased for 101. Record the journal entry for the repurchase of the bonds.   This transaction is very similar to the sale of a fixed asset. 101 is the same as 101% of the face value of the bond.

Required:
1. Complete the below table to calculate each year's current ratio.

How do I journalize paid Fuentes Company in full in the amount of $1500 within the discount period in the general journal?

The comparative balance sheet of Navaria Inc. for December 31, 20Y3 and 20Y2, is shown as follows: 1 Dec. 31, 20Y3 Dec. 31, 20Y2 2 Assets 3 Cash $626,170.00 $585,760.00 4 Accounts receivable (net) 227,840.00 208,880.00 5 Inventories 641,390.00 616,790.00 6 Investments 0.00 240,820.00 7 Land 327,380.00 0.00 8 Equipment 704,290.00 554,020.00 9 Accumulated depreciation-equipment (167,160.00) (148,930.00) 10 Total assets $2,359,910.00 $2,057,340.00 11 Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity 12 Accounts payable $424,670.00 $404,080.00 13 Accrued expenses payable 43,080.00 52,050.00 14 Dividends payable 24,920.00 19,300.00 15 Common stock, $4 par 140,000.00 102,000.00 16 Paid-in capital: Excess of issue price over par—common stock 417,400.00 280,600.00 17 Retained earnings 1,309,840.00 1,199,310.00 18 Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $2,359,910.00 $2,057,340.00 Additional data obtained from an examination of the accounts in the ledger for 20Y3 are as follows: A. The investments were sold for $279,890 cash. B. Equipment and land were acquired for cash. C. There were no disposals of equipment during the year. D. The common stock was issued for cash. E. There was a $206,210 credit to Retained Earnings for net income. F. There was a $95,680 debit to Retained Earnings for cash dividends declared. Prepare a statement of cash flows, using the indirect method of presenting cash flows from operating activities. Refer to the Labels and Amount Descriptions list provided for the exact wording of the answer choices for text entries. Be sure to complete the heading of the statement. Use the minus sign to indicate cash outflows, decreases in cash and a net cash outflow for each section, if required. Labels and Amount Descriptions Cash used for dividends Cash used for merchandise Cash used for purchase of equipment Cash used for purchase of land Cash received from customers Cash from sale of common stock Cash from sale of investments December 31, 20Y3 Decrease in accounts payable Decrease in accounts receivable Decrease in accrued expenses payable Decrease in inventories Decrease in cash Depreciation For the Year Ended December 31, 20Y3 Gain on sale of investments Increase in accounts payable Increase in accounts receivable Increase in accrued expenses payable Increase in cash Increase in inventories Loss on sale of investments Net cash flow from operating activities Net cash flow used for operating activities Net cash flow from investing activities Net cash flow used for investing activities Net cash flow from financing activities Net cash flow used for financing activities Net income Prepare a statement of cash flows, using the indirect method of presenting cash flows from operating activities. Refer to the Labels and Amount Descriptions list provided for the exact wording of the answer choices for text entries. Be sure to complete the heading of the statement. Use the minus sign to indicate cash outflows, decreases in cash and a net cash outflow for each section, if required. Navaria Inc. Statement of Cash Flows (Label) 1 Cash flows from operating activities: 2 3 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flow from operating activities: 4 5 6 Changes in current operating assets and liabilities: 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Cash flows from (used for) investing activities: 14 15 16 17 18 19 Cash flows from (used for) financing activities: 20 21 22 23 24 Cash at the beginning of the year 25 Cash at the end of the year

You work for a manufacturing company and have just completed the budget process for the upcoming business year. At the end of the first quarter you take the actuals and compare them to the budget. You notice there are differences which need explanation and create the static and flexible budget variances. You present this to management and they request you to explain the variances in more detail.

Use your own calculations to create the Flexible Budget Performance Report and present this. You also need to explain the reasons for the variances and who is responsible. Explain the calculations used to create this report.

Explain why the variances using standard costs better reflect the actual variance and how to determine who is responsible for each variance

Spicewood Stables, Inc., was established in Dripping Springs, Texas, on April 1. The company provides stables, care for animals, and grounds for riding and showing horses. You have been hired as the new assistant controller. The following transactions for April are provided for your review.

1. Received contributions from investors and issued $230,000 of common stock on April 1.
2. Acquired a barn for $180,000. On April 2, the company paid half the amount in cash and signed a three-year note payable for the balance.
3. Provided $18,000 in animal care services for customers on April 3, all on credit.
4. Rented stables to customers who cared for their own animals; received cash of $14,000 on April 4 for rent earned this month.
5. On April 5, received $3,350 cash from a customer to board her horse in May, June, and July (record as Deferred Revenue).
6. Purchased and received hay and feed supplies on account on April 6 for $3,800.
7. Paid $2,600 on accounts payable on April 7 for previous purchases.
8. Received $2,040 from customers on April 8 on accounts receivable.
9. On April 9, prepaid a two-year insurance policy for $4,800 for coverage starting in May.
10. On April 28, paid $1,140 in cash for water and utilities used this month.
11. Paid $14,800 in wages on April 29 for work done this month.
12. Received an electric utility bill on April 30 for $1,560 for usage in April; the bill will be paid next month.

Required:

1. 1. Prepare the journal entry for each of the above transactions.

2. 2. Post the transaction activity from requirement 1 to the T-Accounts below. All accounts begin with zero balances because this is the first month of operations.

3. 3. Prepare an unadjusted trial balance as of April 30.

4. 4-a. Refer to the revenues and expenses shown on the unadjusted trial balance. Based on this information, calculate preliminary net income and net profit margin.

5. 4-b. Determine whether the net profit margin is better or worse than the 30.0 percent earned by a close competitor.

Can you make t chart and trail balance sheet?

Explain the ancient Greek attitude about money, and why the Greeks were suspicious of this Phrygian invention?

Required information [The following information applies to the questions displayed below.] On January 1, 2021, the general ledger of ACME Fireworks includes the following account balances: Accounts Debit Credit Cash $ 27,100 Accounts Receivable 50,200 Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts $ 6,200 Inventory 22,000 Land 66,000 Equipment 25,000 Accumulated Depreciation 3,500 Accounts Payable 30,500 Notes Payable (6%, due April 1, 2022) 70,000 Common Stock 55,000 Retained Earnings 25,100 Totals $ 190,300 $ 190,300 During January 2021, the following transactions occur: January 2 Sold gift cards totaling $12,000. The cards are redeemable for merchandise within one year of the purchase date. January 6 Purchase additional inventory on account, $167,000. January 15 Firework sales for the first half of the month total $155,000. All of these sales are on account. The cost of the units sold is $83,800. January 23 Receive $127,400 from customers on accounts receivable. January 25 Pay $110,000 to inventory suppliers on accounts payable. January 28 Write off accounts receivable as uncollectible, $6,800. January 30 Firework sales for the second half of the month total $163,000. Sales include $17,000 for cash and $146,000 on account. The cost of the units sold is $89,500. January 31 Pay cash for monthly salaries, $54,000.

Depreciation on the equipment for the month of January is calculated using the straight-line method. At the time the equipment was purchased, the company estimated a residual value of $5,200 and a two-year service life

. The company estimates future uncollectible accounts.

The company determines $31,000 of accounts receivable on January 31 are past due, and 30% of these accounts are estimated to be uncollectible.

The remaining accounts receivable on January 31 are not past due, and 4% of these accounts are estimated to be uncollectible. (Hint: Use the January 31 accounts receivable balance calculated in the general ledger.)

Accrued interest expense on notes payable for January.

Accrued income taxes at the end of January are $15,000.

By the end of January, $5,000 of the gift cards sold on January 2 have been redeemed.

Prepare an adjusted trial balance as of January 31, 2021.

The Moto Hotel opened for business on May 1, 2017. Here is its trial balance before adjustment on May 31.

Other data:

(a) Prepare a ledger using T-accounts. Enter the trial balance amounts and post the

adjusting entries.

(b) Prepare an adjusted trial balance on May 31.

(c) Prepare an income statement and a retained earnings statement for the month of May

and a classified balance sheet at May 31.

(d) Identify which accounts should be closed on May 31.