Question

Overview: As an IT Support Specialist, it’s important that you fully grasp how networks work. You may need to troubleshoot different aspects of a network, so it’s important that you know how everything fits together. This assignment will help you demonstrate this knowledge by describing how networks function.

What You’ll Do: In your own words, describe what happens at every step of our network model, when a node on one network establishes a TCP connection with a node on another network. You can assume that the two networks are both connected to the same router.

Your submission must include a detailed explanation of the following:

• Physical layer
• Data link layer
• Network layer
• Transport layer
• MAC address
• IP address
• TCP port
• Checksum check
• Routing table
• TTL

Answer 1

1). ANSWER :

GIVENTHAT :

TCP IP Connection:

TCP/IP is used to connect the network devices on the internet.

Messages are assembled into smaller packets and then are transmitted over the internet and are decrypted / reassembles in the destination port. This connection requires a client/server connection for communication that in turn with the help of a machine other wise referred as client sends a service/request to the other system called server.inside the network. TCP/IP is a stateless protocol as the client request is always considered as a new request irrespective of the previous requests.

It has 4 layers:

1) Physical Layer: It is the first layer of Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model. It has protocols which work on links only which includes the LAN or Ethernet. The physical layer is otherwise referred as data link layer in TCP/IP

2) Application Layer: This layer is responsible of reliable delivery of message by transferring the message from one host to another host on a same network. It has standardized data exchange protocols like the HTTP, FTP, POP3, SMTP etc

3) Network Layer: This layer is responsible of transmitting and routing data packets over the network. It contains internet layers to check the packet and connections of networks to transmit the packets.

4) Transport Layer: This layer provides services to the application layer and takes service from the network layer. This layer maintains the end - to - end processess The flow between the host and the destination is handled by this layer.

MAC Address:

This is responsible for transferred the data packets from one network interface card (NIC) to another across shared channel. This is otherwise referred as the media access control which is an unique identifier made alligned with an interface of a network controllers which is meant for the communications at a specific layer of TCP which is the data link layer.

IP Address:

A numbered label given to a device that is connected with a network of the computer is called IP address. This uses the IP for any communications. It is responsible for host-to-host communications, fragmentation and IP addressing.

TCP Port:

An endpoint for any logical connection is a port. It specifies the way to connect client specific program to a server specific program on a network.

Check Sum Check:

A datum which is made from a block of digital data for detecting the errors during transmission is called the check sum. It used for error detections which is introduced during message transmission.

Routing Table:

Routing table is a set of rules, that is stored in a router that contains the Destination, Next hop, Interface, metrics and Routes etc information. This is the rules which are being viewed in tabular format to determine the data packets in IP network is called a routing table.

TTL:

The Hopping limit or time to live time is the method to restrict the lifespan of a data over the network.