Question

What are the different roles of the cabinet and the Executive Office of the President? Why is the Executive Office of the President, especially the White House Office, considered to be closer to the president both personally and politically? What are the effects of the tension between the cabinet and the Executive Office of the President and the White House Office on presidential decision making?

Answer 1

ans 1=The institution of the Cabinet dates back to the early stages of the Presidency itself. Founded in Article II, Section two, of the Constitution, its role is to give advise to the President on any topic he may require concerning the duties of every member's particular office.

It includes the VP & the heads of fifteen executive sections — the Secretaries of Commerce, Agriculture, Defence, Energy, Education etc.

The EOP is a cluster of agencies at the core of the executive division of the U.S federal government. It supports the functions of the President. It comprises of many offices like the White House Office (the staff members work directly for & report to the President, consisting West Wing personnel & the President’s closest advice-givers), Office of Management & Budget.

ans 2=With the increase in technical & global advancement, the number of the White House staff has risen to include a group of policy experts to effectually address different domains of the modern day.By the late twentieth century, chief policy functions which used to be done external to the White House were now integrated into it. Also, political functions which had earlier been performed in Congress were now done in the White House

ans 3=Previously the cabinet secretaries were the most essential official advice-givers to presidents, & they carried out   essential managerial roles in executing governmental policies / programs. With the huge   enlargement of the government’s part in the economy in response to the Great Depression, Congress gave authority for the development of the White House staff, which was formalized in the establishment of the EOP in 1939. The White House staff had increased to greater than 500 persons. By the late twentieth century, chief policy functions which used to be done external to the White House were now integrated into it. Also, political functions which had earlier been performed in Congress were now done in the White House. We can say that the declining importance of Cabinet has led to tensions between it and the EOP