Question

What are the different types of diabetes, and discuss the roles of insulin and glucagon in maintaining blood glucose levels.

Answer 1

Answer:

The three main types of diabetes are

1.Type 1 diabetes

2.Type 2 diabetes

3.Gestational diabetes

Type 1 diabetes: It is a condition which is condition which is characterised by the body does not produce insulin. Insulin is the hormone which is secreted by pancreas plays a major role in the transmission of glucose into the cell. If the insulin production is reduced or absent leads to increase in blood glucose level. It is also known as insulin dependant diabetes.

Type 2 diabetes: It is the condition which is characterised by increase in blood glucose level. It is not dependant to insulin. In that the production of insulin is normal in the body but the receptor in the body does not absorb insulin. It is also known as non insulin dependent diabetes.

Gestational diabetes: It is the condition which occurs in the women during the time of pregnancy. It is mainly caused due reduced physical activity at the time of pregnancy.

Role of insulin and glucagon:

Insulin and glucagon are the hormones secreted by pancreas which maintains the blood glucose level in the body. If the glucose level get increased in the blood the beta cells of pancreas secretes insulin the main function of the insulin is the transmission of glucose into the cell. It leads to decrease in blood glucose level.

If the glucose level get decreased the pancreas secretes glucagon. The main function of the glucagon is release of glucose stored in the cells. It leads to increase in blood glucose level in the body. This is the process that both insulin and glucagon maintain the blood glucose level.