Question

Which of the following is most accurate about DNA replication and transcription/translation (central dogma)?

Select one:

a. DNA replication and transcription/translation produce the same molecules.

b. DNA replication occurs in some cells, while transcription/translation occurs in virtually all cells.

c. The same enzyme is responsible for DNA replication and transcription/translation.

d. DNA replication occurs in virtually all cells, while transcription/translation occurs in some cells.

e. DNA replication occurs in somatic cells while transcription/translation occurs only in gametes.

Answer 1

Answer: DNA replication, transcription and translation produce different molecules. DNA replication produces DNA, transcription produces RNA and translation produces proteins. Hence, statement a not accurate.

DNA replication occurs in some cells that are actively diving such as gametes, whereas transcription and translation occurs in all the cells. This because cells require proteins for proper functioning. This statement is accurate and hence is option b is the correct answer.

Different enzyme is responsible for DNA replication, transcription and translation but not the same enzyme. DNA replication is carried out by DNA polymerase, transcription is carried out by RNA polymerase and translation is carried out by peptidyl transferase. Hence, statement c is not accurate.

DNA replication occurs in actively dividing cells but not in all the cells. Transcription and translation occurs in all the cells and is essential for proper functioning of the cell. Hence, statement d is not accurate.

DNA replication occurs in gametes whereas transcription and translation occurs in both somatic cells and gametes. Hence, statement e is not accurate.