Question

Which gives off the most energy?

a. DNA replication

b. fermentation

c. translation

d. Calvin Benson cycle

e. cell division

Answer 1

Option (b) fermentation is correct answer.

Fermentation :-
• This is type of cellular respiration process which occurs in absence of oxygen.
• In this process, glucose is converted into lactic acid or alcohol.
• Net 2 ATPs are generated per glucose by glycolysis, which is step of this process.

Anaerobic respiration - 2 steps in this process - glycolysis and fermentation.
• Sometimes, anaerobic respiration is termed as fermentation. ( As in question).

Other options -
These all processes are energy consuming.

DNA replication -
Energy is required for initiation of replication process ( formation of primer) and for normal functioning of enzymes.

Translation -
This is process of formation of polypeptide chain on mRNA.
High amount of ATP is required for this process. Approx 5 ATPs are required per amino acid.

Calvin Benson cycle :-
This is dark reaction of photosynthesis. Energy which is formed in light reactions is used in this process.

Cell division :-
Energy is required in DNA replication and other synthesis processes during cell division. Mitochondria acts as energy source for cell division.