Question

Describe the similarities, differences and purposes of replication, transcription and translation

Answer 1

Similarities: Replication and transcription both uses DNA as template strand. Nucleotide added in 5' to 3' direction. Both uses Topoisomerases for uncoiling.

Both processes takes place in Nucleus in eukaryotes and cytoplasm in prokaryotes.

Both have initiation step to seperate the DNA strand.

All prosess require base pairing is common similarity.

Differnces:

Replication: It is the process in which DNA polymerase copid the similar DNA on the DNA template. It make two different DNA double strand. Base paring is Adenine pairs with thymine

Guanine pairs with cyotosine (GC).

Transcription: It is process in which RNA polymerase uses DNA template to synthesise RNA. These are more prone to the errors than DNA polymerase.

In this base pairing thymine in DNA is replaced by uracil.

Translation is the process by which ribosomes uses the RNA template to synthesise protein. This process is also required the base pairing to with RNA. Transfer RNA (tRNA) is associated with the translation with 20 amino acids. In this process the specific genetic code is transferred thrithr mRNA to the endoplasmic reticulum for the protein synthesis.