[AP Bio] Light wavelength significance for photosynthesis?

I am writing an analysis based on a theoretical lab report made by other ''students,'' and for the lab they were going to experiment on 'the amount of light and the wavelength of light.' and its significance for photosynthesis. I wrote the theory part below but I am not sure if I should elaborate on anything in particular, or if something is redundant, irrelevant, etc.

I want the theory to be factual and relevant, that is, for it to explain the theories needed to explain and analyze the result in the discussion, also for it to include concepts and phenomena and explain them in-depth and correct way.. thoughts?

THEORY:

Most of the energy that hits our planet comes from the sun, and this is energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation over a large wavelength spectrum. The light that hits the earth is very important for photosynthesis. Leaf dyes such as chlorophyll and carotene capture energy from the light and absorb red and blue light as they have a great effect on photosynthesis. These dyes are called pigments and are found in photosynthetic organisms, these pigments being the light-absorbing molecules that absorb only specific wavelengths of light, while reflecting other wavelengths. Chlorophyll is a green pigment that is common to all photosynthetic cells, and reflects green light while absorbing other wavelengths, which explains why most of us can see a plant as green.

Generally, there are five major types of chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, b, c, d as well as a molecule found in prokaryotes and called bacterial chlorophyll. Chlorophyll a and b are the most important pigments for photosynthesis. Chlorophyll is found in algae and cyanobacteria, while chlorophyll b is found in green algae and plants. Chlorophyll is found in the thylakoids of the chloroplasts, which are surrounded by its own membrane, the lumen, and is in addition to the inner and outer membranes of the chloroplasts, the third membrane, and it is within the thylakoids that the photosynthetic light-dependent reaction takes place. The pigment molecules, together with proteins, are used to form a chemical structure called a photosystem. Each photosystem contains proteins and captures energy-rich photons through the chlorophyll contained in the photosystem. The energy is then used to break down water into oxygen, electron and hydrogen ion. The hydrogen ion concentration, in turn, becomes higher within the thylakoid membrane, or lumen in other words. Further, ATP synthase utilizes these hydrogen ions to produce ATP, which is later used in the non-light dependent reaction. ATP is the cell's energy source, but is rather short-lived in the cell and is therefore used to produce sugar.

By measuring how fast it is possible to absorb carbon dioxide, or how fast carbohydrates are formed, or how fast oxygen is released, we can determine the rate of photosynthesis. This speed is characterized by the brightness, as well as the availability of carbon dioxide. It can be noted that the change in photosynthesis rate is relative to wavelength, which can be obtained by measuring photosynthesis rate when illuminating a plant with the light of different wavelengths, but that they have the same energy content. Short-wave radiation, such as X-rays and ultraviolet light, contains more energy than long-wave radiation.

Theoretically, the light intensity should not be as effective in connection with the growing distance from which the lamp emits its light to the beaker. It is said that the light intensity has an inverse proportion to the square of the distance; thus, this is the inverse square law. Thus, it can be described as: I ∝ 1 / d2, where d stands for the distance in the unit meter, I stands for the light intensity with the unit W / m2, where W stands for watts or energy per second, and where ∝ stands for proportion.

how can a virus encode a protein larger than the size of its genome?

An acute viral disease infects a population of chipmunks, and only those homozygous for allele b are resistant. (Those individuals heterozygous or homozygous for allele B are susceptible and suffer 100% mortality).

A. If the initial frequency of allele b=0.2, what is the frequency (ignoring mutation) one generation after the introduction of this disease?

B. What is the mechanism of evolutionary change in this example?

Question 1:

Name three actual species by scientific name and classify then according to species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, and domain. At what point do your organisms share a common ancestor? Which pair of species is more closely related to each other than to the third species?

Write a short paragraph describing the drawbacks to maintaining DNA databases such as CODIS as tools to solve crimes (Original).

Provide some examples on the enormous diversity seen in the Molluscs . Discuss body types and give examples of some species.

You have an Hfr strain of E. coli that contains wild-type genes for maltose catabolism and alanine biosynthesis. You want to transfer these two genes into an F- strain that cannot use maltose and is auxotrophic for alanine, by conjugation. Your Hfr strain also has a tetracycline resistance gene located distal to the origin of transfer. You have a P1 phage suspension and any ONE strain of E. coli given in the MBIO 2020 lab manual at your disposal. Outline briefly how you would use these materials to carry out a successful conjugation and transfer the two genes of interest. You do not need to include experimental details, but you should give a medium that could be used to select for the successful recombinants after each gene transfer that you use. In the box below, briefly answer the following questions:

Why can’t you just conjugate the two strains as they are? (ie. why do you even need the P1 phage to carry out this experiment?)

What ONE additional E. coli strain from the lab manual would you use?

Outline a brief plan to transfer the mal and ala genes from the Hfr strain to the F- strain. Do not include experimental details (reagents, incubation times, number of test tubes, etc). DO INCLUDE an appropriate selection step for every gene transfer experiment that you use.

1.The TCA cycle in a particular tissue has been inhibited by fluoroacetate. However, it is not the fluoroacetate that is responsible for the inhibition. It gets converted to another molecule that enters the TCA cycle and is transformed into the inhibitor.

a) Propose the inhibitor molecule and mechanistically show the conversion of fluoroacetate to the inhibitor.

b) Indicate at what step fluoroacetate ultimately inhibits the TCA cycle.

c) Explain why you think fluoroacetate acts as an inhibitor of this enzyme? Your answer should include some sort of mechanistic explanation.

d) What difference in the concentration of each TCA cycle metabolite would you expect, compared with a normal uninhibited tissue? List each metabolite and indicate the effect on its concentration.

please answer all

Which of the following statements is false?

2)

Which of the following is an anti-HIV drug?

Biomaterial Interface Question

List and briefly describe 5 design features you could incorporate in the design of a blood contacting biomaterial.

Select a tissue you would like to interface with. Based on the physiology of this tissue, what design features might your incorporate in this biomaterial? Be tissue specific in your design.

You are performing a three-point test cross in order to map the order and distance between three genes, designated X, Y, and Z, and you obtain the following results:

Phenotypes      Number Observed

+ Y +                          1

+ + Z                          72

X + Z                           2

X Y +                           70

X + +                          3

+ Y Z                         2

X Y Z                           0

+ + +                          0

Which gene is in the middle?

a) X

b) Y

c) Z

d) There is not enough data to make this determination.

Which is the coefficient of coincidence for this data set?

a) 0

b) 1

c) 8

d) 0.5

e) There is not enough data to make this determination.