If you were to genetically engineer a bacterium to clean up (bioremediate) an oil spill in the ocean, what features would you give this bacterium to enable it to grow and divide effectively in this environment, to metabolize the pollutants and to tolerate any environmental stressors that it would be exposed to?

Why do we use SDS? Why PA? why GE? Why Lammeli buffer? Why running buffer?

Explain photoreception; describe the structure of the photoreceptors and explain how visual pigments are activated and describe how we are able to distinguish colors

Describe splicing and the role of RNA as a “ribozyme” in the process. Be sure to mention the proteins and RNAs involved.

How do halophiles live in high salt concentrations? Specifically, in terms of water movement (how do they prevent that movement of water).

Describe briefly the structure and subunits of prokaryotic and eukaryotic RNA polymerases. Describe in detail at least three ways that prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription differ from each other.

From a social science perspective, what “mistakes” do you think Freeman made along the way to developing lobotomies as a “miracle surgery

C₄ plants have evolved a way to minimize photorespiration occurring. Explain what these plants do to avoid photorespiraton occurring.

Galton (1869) was one of the first researchers to seriously study the creative person empirically. Do you agree with his observation that parents who are geniuses produced offspring’s who are geniuses? Also make argument that creativity can be trained (800 WORDS)                                                             

Please answer ALL questions:

If a man with sickle cell anemia has a child with a woman who is a carrier, what is the probability that their child will be a carrier?

A

25%

B

50%

C

75%

D

100%

If a man with sickle cell anemia has a child with a woman who is homozygous for the normal Hballele, what is the probability that their child will be sickle-cell anemic?

A

0%

B

25%

C

50%

D

100%

If a man with sickle cell anemia has a child with a woman who is homozygous for the normal Hballele, what is the probability that their child will be a carrier?

A

0%

B

25%

C

50%

D

100%

Your father has just been diagnosed with Huntington disease, an extremely rare dominant disorder. What are the chances that you will develop this disease when you hit midlife? (Hint: choose the parental genotypes based on the fact that the disease allele is extremely rare!).

A

0%

B

25%

C

50%

D

100%

1. What color are endospores following the spore stain? What is the purpose of using safranin?

2. What is meant by "vegetative cell" when performing the endospore stain?

3. Why is it important to use older cultures when performing the endospore stain?

4. What is the color of the capsule following the capsule stain?

5. What are the potential medical implications if the medical micro lab identifies a spore-forming bacterium from a patient specimen?

6. What is the purpose of inoculating two organisms when testing for motility?

7. How do you determine if the organism that has been cultured is motile?

8. Name one other method that could be used to determine motility.

Use the following list of the steps of cellular respiration to answer questions 28-33:

1. Glycolysis

2. The Intermediate Step

3. Krebs Cycle

4. Oxidative Phosphorylation

28. Which stage makes the most NADH and FADH2?

a. 1

b. 2

c. 3

d. 4

29. Which stage(s) uses NADH and FADH2 that was made in the other steps?

a. 1 only

b. 1 & 2

c. 1, 2, & 3

d. 4 only

e. 1, 2, 3, & 4

30. Which stage makes the most ATP?

a. 1

b. 2

c. 3

d. 4

31. Which stage(s) takes place in the mitochondria?

a. 1 only

b. 1 & 2

c. 1, 2, & 3

d. 4 only

e. 2, 3, & 4

32. Which stage(s) can happen without oxygen?

a. 1 only

b. 1 & 2

c. 1, 2, & 3

d. 4 only

e. 1, 2, 3, & 4

33. If glucose is broken down without oxygen (anaerobically), how many net ATP are made per glucose?

a. 2 ATP

b. 4 ATP

c. 24 ATP

d. 32 ATP

e. 36 ATP

How does the electron transport chain and ATP synthase generate ATP? Where does this occur in a eukaryotic cell?

Problem 5:

a. What do you think is the evolutionary advantage of having a celom?

b. Describe the main differences between protonephridia and metanephridia.

How does an activated receptor transfer information from a signal into the cell?

Select one:

a. By endocytosis of the signaling molecule with the receptor.

b. Through a conformational change of the receptor.

c. By increased expression of the receptor.

d. None of the other answer choices are correct.

e. More than one of the other answer choices is correct.