1) The following sketch shows a region of the mais genome subdivided into 10 zones. Seven deletions have been mapped to the zones as shown. The DNA region between the parentheses is removed by the deletion.

    | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |

D1 -------------(           )------------------------------------

D2 -------------------(                 )------------------------

D3 -(           )------------------------------------------------

D4 -------------------------------(           )------------------

D5 -------------------------------(                       )------

D6 -------------------(           )------------------------------

D7 -------(                       )------------------------------

a) Plants carrying a point mutation located in zone 4 (called mutation 4-1) are mated separately with the 7 deletions mentioned above. Give a general justification and then indicate by yes or no whether pseudodominance occurs in the following crosses:

1: D1 X 4-1, 2: D3 X 4-1, 3: D4 X 4-1, 4: D6 X 4-1.

b) A frameshift mutation results in pseudominance effect when crossed with D2, D4, and D5 only. In which zone is this mutation located? Justify briefly.

c) Is there a gene in the zone identified in question b)? If yes explain your reasoning. (hint: rerad question above, and think mutation type)

Lavinia is 35 years old. She is married to Sebastian who is a year younger than Lavinia. Lavinia and Sebastian are thrilled to have two daughters. One is nine years old. The other is seven.

Lavinia and Sebastian were originally hoping to add a son to their family, but they had mostly given up hope because they hadn’t had any luck conceiving again after their youngest daughter was born. And, they had stopped trying when Sebastian lost his job because money is a bit tight.

Lavinia has recently discovered that she is pregnant. She and Sebastian are excited that she might be carrying the son they have wanted in their family, but they are also stressed at the thought of having another mouth to feed.

When Lavinia met with her physician, she explained that she and her husband still desperately want a boy. Indeed, she expressed that she wants to continue the pregnancy only if the physician can do tests and determine that the fetus she is carrying is male. She has made clear that she wants to terminate her pregnancy and that she will be requesting an abortion if the fetus is not male. She has made equally clear that she wants to terminate the pregnancy and that she will be requesting an abortion if her physician won’t do the tests to identify the sex of the fetus.

Explore the ethics of sex selection involving abortion in contrast to sex selection involving preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) you are welcome to do this by considering whether it would make a difference, in the case study, if Lavinia were asking her physician to identify and implant only a male fetus to begin her pregnancy.

23. What are the reference methods for the following?
1. Triglycerides
2. Total cholesterol
3. HDL-C
4. LDL-C
5. Lipoproteins (HDL, VLDL, Lp(a), LDL, Chylomicrons

24. What are the NCEP and ATP classifications of LDL, Total, and HDL
Cholesterol?

25. What is the typical reference interval for triglycerides?

please can you add your reference of your answers thank you

1) Decribe the location of all organs in the respitory system using directional terms.

2) Explain how homeostatic mechanisms keep the balance of the structure and function in the respitory system.

A healthy 26-year-old woman sustained a significant crush injury to her right upper extremity while on the job at a local construction site. She was brought to the emergency department and subsequently underwent pinning and reconstructive surgery and received perioperative broad-spectrum antibiotics. Her blood pressure remained normal throughout her hospital course. On the second hospital day, a medical consultant noted a marked increase in her creatinine, from 0.8 to 1.9 mg/dL. Her urine output dropped to 20 mL/h. Serum creatine kinase was ordered and reported as 3400 units/L.

Questions

What are the primary causes of this patient’s acute kidney injury? How should her kidney injury be categorized (as prerenal, intrarenal, or postrenal)?

How should she be treated?

1. Look at the following data tables obtained by students who performed the experiment in the past and complete the following tasks:

1. Using table 1 as your data set, build your Standard Curve by plotting protein concentration in the x-axis and absorbance in the y-axis. Also ask Excel to include the data trendline, the R2 value and the equation for the linear regression. Don’t forget to label your axis.

2. Using the data provided by table 2 and the equation obtained from your standard curve, please calculate protein concentration in the undiluted Mitochondria and Wheat germ extracts. Hint: You can only work with absorbance values that “fit” within your standard curve. Hint 2: Remember to multiply by dilution factor if necessary.

Table 1. Standard Curve

Table 2. Absorbance of different samples

Describe in brief the features of Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT). Include in your description:

Definitions of IMRT and inverse planning.

Tumour shapes for which IMRT shows an advantage over conformal radiotherapy.

Name the organs at risk spared in head and neck radiotherapy, also what is the nasty

side effect that is avoided?

Question 5 (alternate). Gene and protein expression (Total 4 marks)

A. You have successfully completed your two-channel microarray experiment and have obtained Red and Green intensity values for each feature/probe on the array.

i. Describe how you would initially transform the data so that increases and decreases in gene expression are treated equally. (1 mark)

ii. What method would you use to normalise the intensities of the two dyes, as well as to eliminate other systematic differences due to unequal experimental conditions. (1 mark)

B. You wish to normalise data values between arrays. Provide details of a method for normalising data between arrays.

What is the iron-containing portion of hemoglobin (Hint: think blood) and myoglobin (Hint: think muscle) molecules called? _______In which specific types of cells in the body will you find these two iron-containing portions?___________ and _____________cells

Definitions

Present the Tissue Phantom Ratio and Tissue Maximum Ratio equations. Describe

how the two quantities are related.

Define, percentage depth dose (include a sentence description, equation and

diagram).

Describe how %D at depth (dref) is affected (i.e. increased or decreased) by

increasing field size, increasing SSD, increasing energy. Give a reason for the effect in each case.

Explain the significance of the term "Taq" in genetics

Should humans be concerned about the pace of extinctions of organisms that are not directly related to our survival? Why or why not?

List the all seven processes involved in the steady-state active protein concentrations in a cell. Give a specific example of how the cell controls four of these processes.

What type of biosensor can be used to measure the reaction between anti-tTG and tissue transglutaminase? How will the measurement be made for their reaction? What biological elements, transducer, and tool for signal processing (if I want to use wireless connect between the biosensor and a phone) should I used for this type of biosensor?

write a report about ( disease caused by Ascomycota powder mildews )..