Question

In mitochondria, regarding ATP synthase, tell me

A. where in the organelle are hydrogen ions in the greatest concentration

B. describe the direction of the flow of electrons within mitochondria

C. what movement of the ATP synthase is required for the production of ATP

Answer 1

a.) H+ ion concentration is greatest in the intermembrane space of mitochondrion. The protons are translocated from inner mitochondrial membrane to the intermembrane space due to process of oxidative phosphorylation. These protons have tendency to move back to the area where protons are less which is Matrix. So protons will make a proton gradient and in the process energy is made in form of ATP by ATP synthase.

b.) In mitochondrion the flow of electrons by NADH and FADH2(result of TCA cycle) is uphill movement of electrons. The electrons are transported from matrix to intermembrane space across the inner membrane. This flow generate the proton motive force. And then these flow back to matrix through inner membrane down their electrochemical proton gradient and generate ATP in process.

c.) ATP synthase is F0-F1 complex in which the F0 part is embedded in inner membrane and F1 part is present in mitochondrial matrix. Their rotatory movements occurs by which protons are transported to the F1 part and ATP is made there.

For any doubt you can ask in comment section. Kindly give a thumbs up. Thank-you!!