What types of proteins are writers of the histone code and what is their general function?

Options are in parenthesis:

In (primary or secondary) active transport, one species of solute moves (with or against) its electrochemical gradient, allowing a different species to move (with or against) its own electrochemical gradient. This movement is in contrast to (primary or secondary) active transport, in which all solutes are moved (with or against) their concentration gradients, fueled by ATP.

If another man who can roll his tongue marries a woman who cannot and they have ten children all of whom can roll their tongues, what is his probable genotype? What is the genotype of the children? The phenotype? Can you be sure of the man's genotype--why or why not?

1.In order for the electron transport chain and ATP synthase to function, the inner membrane of the mitochondrion has to be impermeable to most solutes, especially ions. Why?

2.Would you expect a competitive or a noncompetitive inhibitor to be more similar to the natural substrate of an enzyme? Why?

Which of the following scenarios represents an example of sympatric speciation?

A. Two populations of fish separated into species when a dam was built and their lake was divided in half.

B. Two species of fly breed at different times of year because they feed on different plant species in the same habitat.

C. Two bird populations are separated by the Rocky Mountains and are therefore unable to interbreed.

D. As continents drifted apart, populations of pterodactyls were eventually unable to fly far enough to interbreed.

QUESTION 37

1. The dynamic instability of microtubules ____________________.

   a		reflects a balance between the rate of GTP hydrolysis by tubulin dimers and the addition of new GTP-bound dimers at the plus end
   b		reflects a balance between the rates of GTP-bound tubulin dimer addition at the plus and and proteolytic degradation of the microtubule
   c		reflects a balance between the rates of GDP-bound tubulin dissociation at the plus and addition of GTP-bound dimers at the minus end
   d		reflects a balance between the rates of GTP-bound tubulin dimer addition at the plus end and GDP-bound dimer loss at the minus end

QUESTION 38

1. Depolarization of a skeletal muscle cell plasma membrane begins ____________________.

   	a	when potassium (K+) exit through leak channels triggers opening of voltage-gated sodium (Na+) channels
   	b	when calmodulin binding triggers the opening of ligand-gated calcium (Ca2+) channels
   	c	when acetylcholine binding triggers the opening of ligand-gated sodium (Na+) channels
   	d	when acetylcholine binding triggers the opening of T tubule calcium (Ca2+) release channels

QUESTION 39

1. Match each type of intermediate filament with the correct description.

   -       A.       B.       C.       D.    Nuclear lamins       -       A.       B.       C.       D.    Keratin filaments       -       A.       B.       C.       D.    Neurofilaments       -       A.       B.       C.       D.    Vimentin and vimentin-related filaments

   A. Assembly and disassembly is regulated by phosphorylation B. Found in connective tissue cells and glial cells C. Most diverse class of intermediate filament D. Found only in nerve cells

streptococcus lacks an electronic transport chain. how does this bacteria reside NADH. where is the NADH formed in bacteria

1a. You are researching a gene involved in the process of glycolysis. Which of the following would you expect to see in terms of regulation of this gene?  Select all that apply.

1b.

If you are genetically engineering a protein that you want to accumulate in the endoplasmic reticulum of a eukaryotic cell, what is the best answer for what you should do?

1c. Which of the following can be considered final products of a gene? Select all that apply.

1d. Indicate at least two possible reasons that eukaryotes have introns, and what benefits they may provide

While feverishly studying for this test, you suddenly realized that it had been over 12 hours since you last ate. You then took a break, drove over to Waffle House (restuarant), and ate a huge breakfast. Please describe the following IN ORDER:

a) your blood glucose and hormonal status, both before and after your meal;

b) what metabolic processes were up-regulated before and after your meal;

c) what metabolic processes were down-regulated before and after you meal;

d) what specific enzymes were affected and in what direction in (b) and (c) above;

e) why your answers to (b) and (c) above make sense for you as a complex, multicellular, energy-conscious organism.

Akt is also known as protein kinase B

List all Secondary Messengers

Phosphoinositide 3Kinase is a heterodimer with two subunits. The regulatory subunit binds IRS-1. The kinase subunit interacts with PIP₂. Why do you think overproduction of the regulatory subunit leads to insulin resistance associated with type 2 diabetes?

should the government mandate the vaccination of the general public against both childhood illness and seasonal diseases?

Give a one sentence description description of the role of membrane proteins in the following

• Transport -active transport, facilitated diffusion - requires concentration gradient

• Enzymatic activity -  
• Signal transduction –

• Cell-cell recognition -
• Intercellular joining -
• Attachment -

Explain the events that led to the development of aquaculture (e.g. what happened to Cannery Row?). What are some pros to aquaculture?What are some cons to aquaculture?