Questions
Epidemiology: Draw a DAG of the relationship between exposure and outcome, accounting for other variables discussed....

Epidemiology: Draw a DAG of the relationship between exposure and outcome, accounting for other variables discussed. Then, write either “Yes” if it appears that confounding of the relationship between the exposure and the outcome is supported (based on the general rule for confounding) and “No” if it appears that confounding is not supported. If “No”, please indicate why it is not a confounder.

  • Researchers are investigating a potential association between high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and lung cancer where there appears to be a relationship between low HDL and lung cancer. Smoking is known to cause a decrease in HDL levels and is known to cause lung cancer.

In: Biology

The enzymes involved in glycolysis are..... A. constitutive proteins B. inducible proteins C. repressed proteins D....

The enzymes involved in glycolysis are.....

  • A.

    constitutive proteins

  • B.

    inducible proteins

  • C.

    repressed proteins

  • D.

    regulated proteins

In: Biology

Problem 1. Molecular Genetics A sea urchin mutation results in an unusual positioning of the mitotic...

Problem 1. Molecular Genetics

A sea urchin mutation results in an unusual positioning of the mitotic spindle during the very first cleavage division:instead of the zygote dividing along the animal-vegetal axis, the cell is now dividing perpendicular to the A-V axis (as if a globe were divided in halves at the equator plane). You decide to repeat Hans Driesch’s 19th century experiments, carefully separate the resulting blastomeres and let them develop further.

True or false?

Since sea urchins are known to have highly regulative earlydevelopment, you expect to see normally developing embryos. Explain youranswer.

In: Biology

What is the concentration of bleach that is used to disinfect your work area? Why is...

  1. What is the concentration of bleach that is used to disinfect your work area? Why is it      used to disinfect rather than to sterilize? When do you disinfect your work area? (3             points)
  2. Can a pure culture be prepared directly from a mixed-broth or a mixed-slant culture?             Explain. (3 points)
  3. As demonstrated in the video, why do you pass the mouth of the tube through the flame? What is the correct angle? (3 points)
  1. How do you know that you have used aseptic technique correctly and have achieved a pure culture? (3 points)
  2. What are some advantages and disadvantages of the serial dilution agar plate        technique? (3 points)
  1. Describe the different cultural characteristics identified when you use agar plates,         agar slants, and nutrient broth. (3 points)
  1. Distinguish between the following: (2 points)
  1. Disinfectant (1 point)
  2. Antiseptic (1 point)
  1. What are some advantages of an agar plate over a slant tube? (3 points)
  2. Describe how discrete colonies can appear from a mixed culture using the streak- plate subculture process. (4 points)

In: Biology

mtr: tryptophan-specific transport protein – transports tryptophan into the cell trpA: tryptophan synthase, a protein –...

mtr: tryptophan-specific transport protein – transports tryptophan into the cell

trpA: tryptophan synthase, a protein – synthesizes tryptophan from its basic components

cusF: Periplasmic copper binding protein – binds copper ions

tnaA: Tryptophanase – enzyme for tryptophan catabolism

trpB: Tryptophan synthase, b protein – synthesizes tryptophan

Q. If tryptophan caused the expression level to change, explain why these changes occur for each gene (that is, how does the presence of tryptophan in the media influence expression of the gene...you should be able to infer this based on each gene’s known function).

In: Biology

QUESTION 21 Critical results from the microbiology department must be communicated to the clinician immediately. All...

QUESTION 21

  1. Critical results from the microbiology department must be communicated to the clinician immediately. All of the following results are considered critical except:

    a.

    positive spinal fluid gram stain on culture

    b.

    blood smear for malaria

    c.

    negative acid fast stain

    d.

    Streptococcus pyogenes from a surgical wound

QUESTION 22

  1. The tech working on an aerobic wound culture is identifying a colony that is large, gray, and non-hemolytic on blood agar. The tech prepares a gram stain of the colony and notices a consistency similar whisked egg whites. The gram stain reveals a large gram-positive Bacillus. What is the most likely identification of this colony?

    a.

    Bacillus anthracis

    b.

    Burkholderia mallei

    c.

    Bacillus cereus

    d.

    Fransicella tularensis

QUESTION 23

  1. Which of these describes the mode of action of the antibiotic beta-lactam class of antibiotics?

    a.

    inhibits DNA synthesis

    b.

    inhibits RNA synthesis

    c.

    inhibits protein synthesis

    d.

    inhibits cell wall synthesis

In: Biology

Consider an ion for which there are only passive leakage channels. If the membrane potential is...

Consider an ion for which there are only passive leakage channels. If the membrane potential is farther from the ion’s Nernst potential, the magnitude of the current associated with that ion will be:

a. greater

b. smaller

c. the same

d. none of the above

And why?

In: Biology

What does it mean to say all organisms are identical in the assumptions for the exponential...

What does it mean to say all organisms are identical in the assumptions for the exponential growth model? Does that mean both males and females can reproduce?

In: Biology

1. Describe the path followed by water from the soil, through the plant and into the...

1. Describe the path followed by water from the soil, through the plant and into the atmosphere. Where in the path are the important resistances to water movement?

2. What is meant by the term "active transport"? What is the difference between "primary" and "secondary" active transport?

3. Both membrane channels and carriers show changes in protein conformation. What is the role of such conformation changes (a) in channels, and (b) in carriers?

In: Biology

What terms are used to describe the optical properties of a bacetrium If a bacterium produces...

What terms are used to describe the optical properties of a bacetrium
If a bacterium produces pigment what does that really mean
What terms are used to describe the margins of a bacterium
What terms are hsed to describe the elevations of a bacterium

In: Biology

5. (3 pts) What is the minimum number of base substitutions that must be made to...

5. (3 pts) What is the minimum number of base substitutions that must be made to change the codons from:

  1. glutamic acid to lysine?
  1. leucine to alanine?
  1. phenylalanine to glycine?

In: Biology

Explain the condition and consequences of directional selection and balancing selection. *This is a Population Genetics...

Explain the condition and consequences of directional selection and balancing selection.

*This is a Population Genetics topic.

In: Biology

a. How does regulated secretion differ from constitutive secretion? b. What would be the effect of...

a. How does regulated secretion differ from constitutive secretion?

b. What would be the effect of mutating the KDEL sequence of a resident ER protein (like BiP)? Would this effect be similar or different from that of mutating the KDEL receptor protein?

c.The pH of a compartment can be critical for association of a receptor and its cargo. How does the acidic pH of a late endosome result in different fates for the receptor and its cargo?

d. Why are carbohydrate groups of glycoproteins always exposed on the surface of the cell?

e.Compare and contrast the sorting of proteins to lysosomes to the packaging of proteins into regulated secretory granules such as those containing insulin.

f. How is a lysosomal protein targeted to a lysosome? What effect would be the addition of a lysosomal signal sequence have of subcellular localization of a protein that is normally cytosolic?  How would it affect localization of a protein that is normally secreted?

In: Biology

QUESTION 18 Briefly describe why E. coli wants to express different amounts of the lac operon...

QUESTION 18

Briefly describe why E. coli wants to express different amounts of the lac operon genes in relation to the presence/absence of glucose and lactose and the molecular mechanism by which it does so for each of the four conditions with respect to glucose and lactose.

QUESTION 19

A rare deletion on the long arm of chromosome 15 (15q11-13) produces one of two types of genetic disorders in humans.  These are Prader-Willi syndrome (obesity, hypotonia, hypogonadism) and Angelman syndrome (epilepsy, tremors, perpetual smiling).  Three imprinted genes are present in the deleted region.  These are snrpn and ndn (lack of which is associated with Prader-Willi) and ube3A (lack of which is associated with Angelman).  snrpn and ndn are paternally imprinted for expression and ube3A is maternally imprinted.   Charlie and Pat are siblings both with Angelman syndrome and Charlie has one (of two) child with Prader-Willi Syndrome while Pat has a child with Angelman syndrome.  What are the sexes of Charlie and Pat?  Explain your answer.  Can Charlie and Pat have two normal parents or does one of them have Prader-Willi or Angelman syndrome.  Explain your answer and if one of them has a disorder tell me which parent had which disorder.

In: Biology

Please Use your keyboard (Don't use handwriting) Thank you.. Courses Name: Health Policy & Saudi Healthcare...

Please Use your keyboard (Don't use handwriting) Thank you..

Courses Name: Health Policy & Saudi Healthcare System

***Please complete my answer to be 500 words ..

I need new and unique answers, please. (Use your own words, don't copy and paste)

Many countries now struggle to provide cost-effective, quality healthcare services to their citizens. Saudi Arabia has experienced high costs along with concerns about quality of care in its public facilities. To address these issues the country is currently restructuring their healthcare system to privatize public hospitals and introduce insurance coverage for both foreign workers and citizens.

Based on the statement given explain the following points:

  1. The history of the Healthcare system in Saudi Arabia.
  2. Define the components of the Saudi health care system.
  3. The challenges that are facing the Saudi healthcare system with emphasize on the quality and the cost of the healthcare service and how is the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is facing those challenges.

***Please complete my answer to be 500 words ..

I need new and unique answers, please. (Use your own words, don't copy and paste)

My answer

1. It’s true that many countries struggle to provide cost effective care in public hospitals.

2. If we go back and see the history of Saudi Arabia health care system

In 2002 the Saudi health care system is started by a royal decree to ensure the provision of health care to all Saudi Arabia citizens

later in 2004 in Saudi Arabia there are 1848 primary healthcare centres and 200 hospitals.

2. Components of Saudi health care system

There is a three level health care system in Saudi Arabia

a.primary

b.secondary

c.Tertiary

These tiers correspond to health care Centers and hospitals. Three health sectors are considered in this review - MOH, government sector and private Sector.

3. Challenges of Saufia Arabia kingdom currently facing are

a. Increase in the population

b. Increased cost of treatment and medical expenses

c.concerns about quality and safety of care

d. Increased chronic diseases

e. Less electronic ehealth system

In: Biology