Question

Can you please give very single questions answer with refrence

Hysterectomy:

1) Distinguish between the terms “complete or total,” “partial or subtotal’” and “radical” as they apply to hysterectomies.

Aborttion:

1) Distinguish the terms “spontaneous abortion” and “induced abortion.”

2) List some causes of spontaneous abortion?

3) Explain/define the following terms as they apply to abortion:

a) threatened abortion:

b) inevitable abortion:

c) incomplete abortion:

d) complete abortion:

e) missed abortion:

f) habitual abortion:

g) septic abortion:

4) What is “cerclage?”

References:

Answer 1

1)

solu :

complete or total hysterectomy

• The uterus and cervix are surgically removed .

Partial or subtotal hysteroctomy

• The upper part of the uterus is removed,but the cervix is left in place

Radical

• The uterus,cervix,the upper part of the vagina,Fallopian tubes,ovaries and lymph nodes may be removed.

1)

solu :

Spontaneous abortion

• An abortion that occurs without intervention is known as spontaneous abortion.

Induced abortion

• When deliberate steps are taken to end a pregnancy is called induced abortion.

​​​​​​​2)

solu :

Spontaneous abortions are caused due to

• Chromosomal abnormalities
• Uterine abnormalities
• Trauma
• Non induced

​​​​​​​3)

solu :

• Threatened abortion : is vaginal bleeding that occurs in the first 20 weeks of pregnancy associated with abdominal cramps.
• Inevitable abortion : is an early pregnancy with vaginal bleeding and dialation of the cervix.
• Incomplete abortion : is a pregnancy associated with vaginal bleeding,dialation of cervical canal,and passage of products of conception
• Missed abortion : Is a miscarriage which fetus didnot form or died.
• Habitual abortion : The miscarriage of 3 or more consecutive pregnancies.
• Septic abortion : is an infection of placenta and fetus of a previable pregnancy.

4)

solu :

• It is a treatment for cervical weakness.