Bacteriorhodopsin is a protein found in Halobacterium halobium that converts light energy into a transmembrane proton...

Bacteriorhodopsin is a protein found in Halobacterium halobium that converts light energy into a transmembrane proton gradient that is used for ATP synthesis. After light is absorbed by the protein, the following initial reaction sequence occurss:

Br -----> J -----> K where: k1 = 2.0 x 10^12 s^-1 and k2 = 3.3 x 10^11 s^-1

Construct plots of the concentration of each species versus time in excel. Please show all steps and data plugged into excel.

Expert Solution

According to the reaction, Br is converted into J in step 1 which is further converted into K in step 2, as a final product. It can be seen from the image that the reaction constant for step 1 is much higher than reaction constant of step 2. This suggests that the reaction of step 1 is highly spontaneous in nature and the substrate Br is immediately converted into a mid-product J as soon as light energy is available. However, the reaction constant for step 2 is also large enough to decipher that the step 2 reaction is also spontaneous. However, the order of k1 is higher than k2 by 2*10^12/3.3*10^11 or nearly 6 times. This suggests that the reaction velocity of step 1 is much higher than step 2 thus implying that :

The substrate Br will be converted into J as soon as light energy is available. This reaction is very spontaneous in nature.
As soon as J appears, it will be conveted into K.
The total time taken for converting Br to J will be less than the time taken for converting J to K, and similarly, the area under the curve for the concentration gradient for Br to J will be less than that for J to k.

The graphical representation showing concentrations of Br, J and K with time in the presence of light is as shown below:

queen_honey_blossom answered 2 years ago

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