Question

Describe in detail the functions and interactions of these body systems as related to diabetes insipidus:

(1) urinary system (2) endocrine system (3) nervous system (4) cardiovascular system

Answer 1

1- urinary system-  

Function- The urinary system also called as renal system, It produces and stores and also eliminate urine, the waste which is filtered and excreted by the kidneys.kidneys forms urine by filtering wastes and extra unreqired water from blood. Urine travels via kidneys through two thin tubes,ureters and fills the urinary bladder. When the bladder is full, there are receptor present on the bladder bwhich stimulate brain cells to generate the urninary reflex and then the urinary(internal and then external sphinctor opens and person urinates.

Interaction with diabetes insipidus - In normal conditions,the kidneys adjust concentration and amount of urine according to the body’s requirements with the help of maintaining level of vasopressin in the blood. Vasopressin,is secreted by the pituitary gland, which signals the kidneys to conserve water and so concentrate the urine. In diabetes insipidus, the kidneys fail to react to this signal.

Endocrine system -

Function- endocrine system synthesize the hormones which balance the normal body functioning .

In diabetes insipidus,vasopress is not synthesised by pituitary or not secreted due to which large amount of water is excreted out.

Nervous system-

Function- nervous system senses the information,collects the information,transmit to brain and then generate response with regard to that sensory information.

In diabetes insipidus, vasopressin is not produced by pituitary ,which affects other brain functions,due to less fluid in body.

Cardiovascular system-

Function. Circulates blood to the entire body and receive the blood from the body via pumping mechanics. Contraction and relaxation processes pump the blood .

vasopressin increases peripheral vascular resistance and so decreases cardiac output,by decreasing heart rate.and now when vasopressin is absent,cardiac output is increased increasing the heart rate thereefot increading the hearts contractibility .