Question

The best way to describe genetic diversity in humans is by describing it as a geographic component of ancestry. That is, human populations gradually change in their allele frequencies in many cases with high geographic precision. This actually makes any differentiation or split into groups very hard.

Is this statement true or false?

Answer 1

Answer - True

Changes in the frequency of a population are called Genetic drift which is a mechanism of evolution where allele frequencies of a population change over generations due to chance. This phenomenon occurs in all populations of finite size, but its effects are strongest in small populations.

During genetic drift, allele frequency changes in a population over the passage of time through generations. According to founder effect where if some member of a population change geography and shift at another place to establish a new colony their chances of changes in allele frequency is very high because they are reduced in number. They are isolated from the original population, and the founding individuals may not represent the full genetic diversity of the original population so alleles in founder members may be present at different frequencies than in the original population and some allele may be missing. The missing allele in the founding population will not be transferred in the next generation and will be removed completely from the population.