Question

Briefly mention about—

(a) Genetic diversity,

(b) Species diversity,

(c) Ecological diversity.

Answer 1

(a) Genetic diversity: The number of genetic characteristics of a particular species in their genetic makeup is referred to as “genetic diversity.” The genetic diversity allows the organisms of the same species to adapt to different environments. The genetic diversity in humans is less when compared to the other animals, but there are some animal species that have stiller lower genetic diversity than humans, for example, cheetahs.  

(b) Species diversity: According to the biological species concept, a biological species is the one in which, organisms can have interbred and produce the viable offspring. A community contains different species. Species diversity is the number of different species present in a particular community.

(c) Ecological diversity: Ecosystem includes both the biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) factors. It is the interaction of living organisms with the surrounding physical environment. Ecological diversity refers to the variation in the ecosystems in a specific region or throughout the planet.