Describe an F+ bacterial cell and explain it's role in genetic diversity.

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F+ bacterial cell and explain it's role in genetic diversity.

F plasmid is a self replicating extra-chromosomal structure that is found in bacterial (prokaryotic cells). F factor (also called as fertility factor) can also get integrated into the genome (chromosomal DNA) of Hfr cells (high-frequency recombination). So, a Hfr strain bacterium contains a conjugative F-factor plasmid that is integrated into the chromosomal DNA of the cell. In comparison to F+ cells, Hfr cells exhibit a very high frequency of chromosomal gene transfer.
F plasmid (episome) is capable of existing independently as a separate plasmid and it can also get integrated into the Hfr cells genome.
A cell that contains F plasmid is able to form a conjugation bridge or a mating bridge through a F pilus. Through this conjugation bridge, the F plasmid can then be transferred from the donor cell to the recipient cell. This results into 2 F+ cells.
Conjugation is one of the horizontal gene transfer (HGT) mechanism deployed by bacterial cells that acts as a major contributor to genetic diversity in bacterial population.F-pilus mediates direct cell-to-cell contact and enables transfer of genes between bacteria. This is advantageous to bacterial cells as it helps in the acquisition of important genes that provide antibiotic resistance to cells, or protection against antimicrobial compounds, virulence factors etc.

gladiator answered 1 year ago

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