Question

What is genetic linkage and effects of linkage on genetic diversity, and whats an example, and whats an example of linkage analysis?

Answer 1

genetic linkage is defined as the tendency of two genes to remain together during the gamete formation. The genetic linkage is inversely proportional to the Genetic diversity. Because if the two genes are tightly linked, then there is not found crossing over between the two non sister chromatid of homologous chromosomes. This leads to reduce the genetic variation in the gametes. The fusion of less diverse genetic gamete will produce less genetic variation bearing individual.

for example:

if the gene A and B are found one chromosome and the other homologous chromosome has a and b genes in an individual. When there is found complete linkage between the genes, then there is not found crossing iver between genes. Hence all gametes are of AB and ab type. This leads to reduce genetic variation in gametes. And fusion of such gamete produces less diverse individual. That's why the population has less genetic diversity in which the linkages found.

​​​​​​​the genetic markers are used for determining the linkage between genes.

but if the two genes are not completely linked, then there is found crossing over between two genes. This leads to to increase the genetic variation in the gamete. The AB, Ab, aB and ab genes bearing gametes are produced. The fusion of such gametes will produce the individual which has more number of genetic variation. This leads to increase genetic diversity in non linked genes